Fraunhofer FDK AAC

Fraunhofer FDK AAC (Full title Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android) is an open-source[5] software library for encoding and decoding Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) format audio, developed by Fraunhofer IIS, and included as part of Android. It supports several Audio Object Types including MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 AAC LC, HE-AAC (AAC LC + SBR), HE-AACv2 (LC + SBR + PS) as well AAC-LD (low delay) and AAC-ELD (enhanced low delay) for real-time communication. The encoding library supports sample rates up to 96 kHz and up to eight channels (7.1 surround).[6]

Fraunhofer FDK AAC
Developer(s)Fraunhofer IIS
Initial release9 July 2012 (2012-07-09)
Stable release
Encoder: 4.0.0[1]
Decoder: 3.0.0[2]
Repository
Written inC
Operating systemAndroid, others
PlatformCross-platform
Available inEnglish
TypeEncoder/Decoder
LicenseFraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android license, a free software license without a patent grant[3][4]
Websitewww.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/ff/amm/impl.html

The Android-targeted implementation of the Fraunhofer AAC encoder uses fixed-point math and is optimized for low-delay encoding on embedded devices/mobile phones. The library is currently limited to 16-bit PCM input. Other versions of the Fraunhofer encoder, like the one included in Winamp, are optimized for encoding music on desktop-class processors. Those versions of the encoder, however, are not open source and require a commercial license.[7] The license included by Fraunhofer in the FDK library source code allows redistribution in source or binary forms, but does not license patented technologies described by the code. The license states that the library may only be distributed as authorized by patent licenses. Due to this restriction, along with a limitation on charging for the library, Debian considers it non-free.[3][8] It was classified as free by Fedora after a review by the legal department at Red Hat.[9][10] The FSF also considers it to be free, though discourages its use due to the explicit lack of a patent grant.[4][11]

The FDK AAC encoder employs a more aggressive default low-pass filter than is used in other codecs. Higher frequencies are removed so that more bits are available to better describe sounds of lower frequencies, improving the overall quality for most combinations of recordings and listeners. In some, not completely rare, combinations the missing high frequencies are noticeable. The library allows overriding the low-pass filter setting, and in the highest VBR mode effectively applies no filter at all.[12]

A cross-platform source distribution is maintained by Martin Storsjö as part of the opencore-amr project under the name fdk-aac.[13] The code compiles into a shared library, libfdk-aac. The media frameworks FFmpeg and Libav support audio encoding through libfdk-aac.[14][15]

See also

References
  1. "Current Version Information from Source Code (encoder library)". Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  2. "Current Version Information from Source Code (decoder library)". Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  3. "NOTICE file in Source Code". Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  4. "Various Licenses and Comments about Them". Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  5. "FDK Source Code". Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  6. "Fraunhofer FDK AAC Information". HydrogenAudio. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  7. "Fraunhofer Codec Availability". Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  8. "Debian discussion regarding the FDK license". Debian Bug Tracker. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  9. "Fedora fdk-aac package review". Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  10. "Licensing/FDK-AAC". Fedora Project Wiki. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  11. "Recent licensing updates". Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  12. HydrogenAudio Forum discussion on FDK AAC, some relevant posts regarding the low-pass filter: "Post #34"., "Post #89"., "Post #142".
  13. "opencore-amr". SourceForge. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  14. "FFmpeg AAC Encoding Guide". Retrieved 13 March 2019.
  15. "Libav documentation". libav.org. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
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