Encirclement campaigns

Encirclement campaigns were the campaigns launched by forces of the Chinese Nationalist Government against forces of the Communist Party of China during the early stage of the Chinese Civil War.

Formulated by German advisors Hans von Seeckt and Alexander von Falkenhausen, the campaigns were launched between the late 1920s to the mid-1930s with the goal of isolating and destroying the developing Chinese Red Army. The Nationalist forces launched encirclement campaigns against Communist bases in several separate locations across China.[1]

Encirclement campaigns by location

First encirclement campaigns
  • First encirclement campaign against the Central Fujian Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Eastern Guizhou Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Hailufeng Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Nantong-Haimen-Rugao-Taixing Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Qiongya Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Southern Fujian Soviet
  • First encirclement campaign against the Youjiang Soviet

Second encirclement campaigns
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Central Fujian Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Eastern Guizhou Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Hailufeng Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Nantong-Haimen-Rugao-Taixing Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Qiongya Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Southern Fujian Soviet
  • Second encirclement campaign against the Youjiang Soviet

Third encirclement campaigns

Fourth encirclement campaigns

Fifth encirclement campaigns

Consequences

The first four Encirclement campaigns of the Chinese Nationalists military were unsuccessful. However, with the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany in 1933, and the subsequent close cooperation between Nazi Germany and the Republic of China, the nationalists succeeded in the final 5th campaign which led directly to the famous Long March of the Communist Red Armies.

See also

References
  1. Military History Research Department (2000). "Overview of Campaigns and Battles Fought by the People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军战役战斗总览)". 中国人民解放军全史 [The Complete History of the People's Liberation Army]. Beijing: Military Science Publishing House. ISBN 7801373154.
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