Duke of Luynes

The Duke of Luynes is a territorial name belonging to the noble French house d'Albert.[1] Luynes is, today, a commune of the Indre-et-Loire département in France.[2] The family of Albert, which sprang from Thomas Alberti (died 1455), seigneur de Boussargues, bailli of Viviers and Valence, and viguier of Bagnols[3] and Pont-Saint-Esprit in Languedoc, acquired the estate of Luynes in the 16th century.[1]

History

The grandfather of the first Duke of Luynes was Léon d'Alberti, who changed the family name to Albert and married Jeanne de Ségur of Marseille in 1535. From the marriage he received a dowry of 10,000 livres and the fief of Luynes in today's département Bouches-du-Rhône in Provence. His son Honoré was born five years later. Léon d'Albert died in the Italian Wars.[4] Honoré d'Albert (1540–1592), seigneur de Luynes, was in the service of the three last Valois kings and of Henry IV of France, and became colonel of the French bands, commissary of artillery in Languedoc and governor of Beaucaire.[1] He had three sons:

  • Charles (1578–1621), a favorite of Louis XIII, became the first duke of Luynes in August 1619. He had recently purchased the Comté de Maillé on the Loire, about 10 miles west of Tours, and the king erected Maillé into the Duchy of Luynes, which included about 50 parishes and extended to the western wall of Tours and around it on three sides.[5]
  • Honoré (1581–1649), first Duke of Chaulnes, was seigneur de Cadenet and married Charlotte Eugenie d'Ailly, countess of Chaulnes, in 1619, and was created duke of Chaulnes in 1621.[1] He was governor of Picardy and marshal of France (1619), and defended his province successfully in 1625 and 1635.[1] He is also responsible for the French translation of René Descartes's Meditations, from Latin, in 1647.
  • Léon, seigneur de Brantes, who became duke of Luxembourg-Piney by his marriage in 1620 with Margaret Charlotte of Luxembourg.[1]

By her marriage with Claude of Lorraine, duke of Chevreuse, Marie de Rohan, the widow of the first duke of Luynes, acquired in 1655 the duchy of Chevreuse, which she gave in 1663 to Louis Charles d'Albert, her son by her first husband; and from that time the title of duke of Chevreuse and duke of Luynes was borne by the eldest sons of the family of Luynes, which also inherited the title of duke of Chaulnes on the extinction of the descendants of Honoré d'Albert in 1698. The branch of the dukes of Luxemburg-Piney became extinct in 1697.[1]

Some other notable family members are:

  • Louis Auguste d'Albert d'Ailly (1676–1744), duke of Chaulnes, became marshal of France (1741).[1]
  • Louis Joseph d'Albert de Luynes (1670–1750), 3rd Prince of Grimberghen: married to Magdeleine Marie de Berghes. He was in the service of the Emperor Charles VII, and became field-marshal and ambassador in France.[1]

Several members of the family of Albert were distinguished in letters and science. Louis Charles d'Albert (1620–1690), duke of Luynes, son of the constable, was an ascetic writer and friend of the Jansenists; Paul d'Albert de Luynes (1703–1788), Cardinal and archbishop of Sens, an astronomer; Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly (1714–1769), duke of Chaulnes, a writer on mathematical instruments, and his son Marie Joseph Louis (1741–1793), a chemist; and Honoré Theodore Paul Joseph (1802–1867), a writer on archaeology.[1]

List of the Dukes of Luynes

List of the Dukes of Luynes:

  1. 1619-1621 : Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1578–1621), 1st duc de Luynes.[1]
  2. 1621-1690 : Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1620–1699), son of the preceding, 2nd duc de Luynes, father of Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes
  3. 1690-1712 : Charles Honoré d'Albert de Luynes (1646–1712), son of the preceding, 3rd duc de Luynes
  4. 1712-1758 : Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes (1695–1758), son of the preceding, 4th duc de Luynes
  5. 1758-1771 : Marie Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1717–1771), son of the preceding, 5th duc de Luynes
  6. 1771-1807 : Louis Joseph Charles Amable d'Albert de Luynes (1748–1807), son of the preceding, 6th duc de Luynes
  7. 1807-1839 : Charles Marie d'Albert de Luynes (1783–1839), son of the preceding, 7th duc de Luynes
  8. 1839-1867 : Honoré Théodore Paul Joseph d'Albert, duc de Luynes (1803–1867), son of the preceding, 8th duc de Luynes
  9. 1867-1870 : Charles Honoré Emmanuel d'Albert de Luynes (1846–1870), grandson of the preceding, 9th duc de Luynes.
  10. 1870-1924 : Honoré d'Albert, 10th duc de Luynes (1868–1924), son of the preceding, 10th duc de Luynes
  11. 1924-1993 : Philippe d'Albert, 11th duc de Luynes (1905–1993), son of the preceding, 11th duc de Luynes
  12. 1993-2008 : Jean d'Albert, 12th duc de Luynes (1945–2008), son of the preceding
  13. 2008- : Philippe d'Albert, 13th duc de Luynes (1977- ), son of the preceding

Notes
  1. Chisholm 1911, p. 147.
  2. Kettering 2008, p. 100; Chisholm 1911.
  3. (in French) Bagnols-sur-Cèze, Gard Provençal
  4. Kettering 2008, p. 10.
  5. Kettering 2008, pp. 100–101.

References
  •  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Luynes". Encyclopædia Britannica. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
  • Kettering, Sharon (2008). Power and Reputation at the Court of Louis XIII: The Career of Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes (1578–1621). Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-8998-5.

Further reading
  • Recommended reading (in chronological order) at the end of the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed):
    • Recueil des pieces plus curieuses qui ent este faites pendant le regne du connestable M. de Luynes (2nd ed.). 1624.
    • Le Vassor (1757). Histoire de Louis XIII. Paris.
    • Griffet (1758). Histoire du regne de Louis XIII, roi de France et de Navarre. Paris.
    • V. Cousin (1861–1863). "Le Duc et connetable de Luynes". Journal des savants.
    • B. Zeller (1879). Etudes critiques sur le regne de Louis XIII: le connetable de Luynes, Montauban et la Valteline. Paris.
    • E. Pavie (1899). La Guerre entre Louis XIII. et Marie de Medicis. Paris.
    • Lavisse (1905). Histoire de France. vi.2. Paris. pp. 141–216.
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