Drepanidini

Drepanidini
	Drepanis coccinea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Fringillidae
Subfamily:	Carduelinae
Tribe:	Drepanidini
Genera
	See text

Drepanidini is a tribe of Hawaiian honeycreepers.

Genera and species

Drepanidini
- Genus Aidemedia Olson & James, 1991 – straight thin bills, insectivores[1]
  - Aidemedia chascax Olson & James, 1991 – Oʻahu icterid-like gaper (prehistoric)
  - Aidemedia lutetiae Olson & James, 1991 – Maui Nui icterid-like gaper (prehistoric)
  - Aidemedia zanclops Olson & James, 1991 – sickle-billed gaper (prehistoric)
- Genus Akialoa Olson & James, 1995 – pointed, long and down-curved bills, insectivorous or nectarivorous
  - Akialoa ellisiana Gray, 1859 – Oʻahu ʻakialoa (extinct, 1940)
  - Akialoa lanaiensis Rothschild, 1893 – Maui Nui ʻakialoa (extinct, 1892)
  - Akialoa stejnegeri Wilson, 1889 – Kauaʻi ʻakialoa (extinct, 1969)
  - Akialoa obscura Cabanis, 1889 – lesser ʻakialoa (extinct, 1940)
  - Akialoa upupirostris – hoopoe-billed ʻakialoa (prehistoric)
- Genus Chloridops Wilson, 1888 – thick-billed, hard seed (e.g. Myoporum sandwicense) specialist
  - Chloridops kona Wilson, 1888 – Kona grosbeak (extinct, 1894)
  - Chloridops regiskongi – King Kong grosbeak (prehistoric)
  - Chloridops wahi – wahi grosbeak (prehistoric)
- Genus Chlorodrepanis Olson & James, 1995 – pointed bills, insectivorous and nectarivorous
  - Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri Pratt, 1989 – Kauaʻi ʻamakihi
  - Chlorodrepanis flava Bloxam, 1827 – Oʻahu ʻamakihi
  - Chlorodrepanis virens Cabanis, 1851 – Hawaiʻi ʻamakihi
- Genus Ciridops Newton, 1892 – finch-like, fed on fruit of Pritchardia species
  - Ciridops anna Dole, 1879 – ʻula-ʻai-hāwane (extinct, 1892 or 1937)
  - Ciridops tenax Olson & James, 1991 stout-legged finch (prehistoric)
- Genus Drepanis Temminck, 1820 – down-curved bills, nectarivores
  - Drepanis funerea Newton, 1894 – black mamo (extinct, 1907)
  - Drepanis pacifica Gmelin, 1788 – Hawaiʻi mamo (extinct, 1898)
  - Drepanis coccinea Forster, 1780 – ʻiʻiwi
- Genus Dysmorodrepanis Perkins, 1919 – pincer-like bill, possibly snail specialist
  - Dysmorodrepanis munroi Perkins, 1919 – Lanaʻi hookbill (extinct, 1918)
- Genus Hemignathus Lichtenstein, 1839 – pointed or long and down-curved bills, insectivorous
  - Hemignathus affinis – Maui nukupuʻu (extinct, 1995–1998)
  - Hemignathus hanapepe – Kauaʻi nukupuʻu (extinct, 1998)
  - Hemignathus lucidus – Oʻahu nukupuʻu (extinct, 1837)
  - Hemignathus vorpalis James & Olson, 2003 – giant nukupu'u (prehistoric)[2]
  - Hemignathus wilsoni Rothschild, 1893 – ʻakiapolaʻau
- Genus Himatione Olson & James, 1991– thin-billed, nectarivorous
  - Himatione sanguinea Gmelin, 1788 – ʻapapane
  - Himatione fraithii – Laysan honeycreeper (extinct, 1923)
- Genus Loxioides Oustalet, 1877 – finch-like, Fabales seed specialists
  - Loxioides bailleui Oustalet, 1877 – palila
  - Loxioides kikuichi Olson & James, 2006 – Kaua'i palila (prehistoric, possibly survived to the early 18th century)
- Genus Loxops – small pointed bills with the tips slightly crossed, insectivorous
  - Loxops caeruleirostris Wilson, 1890 – ‘akeke‘e
  - Loxops coccineus Gmelin, 1789 – Hawaiʻi ʻakepa
  - Loxops ochraceus Rothschild, 1893 - Maui ʻakepa (extinct, 1988)
  - Loxops wolstenholmei Rothschild, 1895 – Oʻahu ʻakepa (extinct, 1990s)
  - Loxops mana Wilson, 1891 – Hawaiʻi creeper
- Genus Magumma - small pointed bills, insectivorous and nectarivorous
  - Magumma parva Stejneger, 1887 - ʻanianiau
- Genus Melamprosops Casey & Jacobi, 1974 – short pointed bill, insectivorous and snail specialist
  - Melamprosops phaeosoma Casey & Jacobi, 1974 – poʻouli (possibly extinct, November 28, 2004?)
- Genus Oreomystis Wilson, 1891 – short pointed bills, insectivorous
  - Oreomystis bairdi Stejneger, 1887 – ʻakikiki
- Genus Orthiospiza – large weak bill, possibly soft seed or fruit specialist?
  - Orthiospiza howarthi James & Olson, 1991 - highland finch (prehistoric)
- Genus Palmeria Rothschild, 1893 – thin-billed, nectarivorous, favors Metrosideros polymorpha
  - Palmeria dolei Wilson, 1891 – ʻākohekohe
- Genus Paroreomyza – short pointed bills, insectivorous
  - Paroreomyza maculata Cabanis, 1850 – Oʻahu ʻalauahio (possibly extinct, early 1990s?)
  - Paroreomyza flammea (Wilson, 1889) – kākāwahie (extinct, 1963)
  - Paroreomyza montana
    - Paroreomyza montana montana Wilson, 1890 – Lana'i 'alauahio (extinct, 1937)
    - Paroreomyza montana newtoni (Rothschild, 1893) – Maui ‘alauahio
- Genus Pseudonestor – parrot-like bill, probes wood for insect larvae
  - Pseudonestor xanthophrys Rothschild, 1893 – Maui parrotbill or kiwikiu
- Genus Psittirostra – slightly hooked bill, Freycinetia arborea fruit specialist
  - Psittirostra psittacea Gmelin, 1789 – ʻōʻū (probably extinct, 1998?)
- Genus Rhodacanthis – large-billed, granivorous, legume specialists[3]
  - Rhodacanthis flaviceps Rothschild, 1892 – lesser koa-finch (extinct, 1891)
  - Rhodacanthis forfex James & Olson, 2005 – scissor-billed koa-finch (prehistoric)
  - Rhodacanthis litotes James & Olson, 2005 – primitive koa-finch (prehistoric)
  - Rhodacanthis palmeri Rothschild, 1892 – greater koa-finch (extinct, 1896)
- Genus Telespiza Wilson, 1890 – finch-like, granivorous, opportunistic scavengers
  - Telespiza cantans Wilson, 1890 – Laysan finch
  - Telespiza persecutrix James & Olson, 1991 – Kauaʻi finch (prehistoric)
  - Telespiza ultima Bryan, 1917 – Nihoa finch
  - Telespiza ypsilon James & Olson, 1991 – Maui Nui finch (prehistoric)
- Genus Vangulifer – flat rounded bills, possibly caught flying insects
  - Vangulifer mirandus – strange-billed finch (prehistoric)
  - Vangulifer neophasis – thin-billed finch (prehistoric)
- Genus Viridonia
  - Viridonia sagittirostris Rothschild, 1892 – greater ʻamakihi (extinct, 1901)
- Genus Xestospiza James & Oslon, 1991 – cone-shaped bills, possibly insectivores
  - Xestospiza conica James & Olson, 1991 – cone-billed finch (prehistoric)
  - Xestospiza fastigialis James & Olson, 1991 – ridge-billed finch (prehistoric)

References

Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2014). The Eponym Dictionary of Birds. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9781472905741. The genus Aidemedia is named in honor of Joan Aidem.
James, Helen F; Storrs L. Olson (2003). "A giant new species of nukupuu (Fringillidae: Drepanidini: Hemignathus) from the island of Hawaii". The Auk. 120 (4): 970–981. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0970:AGNSON]2.0.CO;2.
James, Helen F.; Johnathan P. Prince (May 2008). "Integration of palaeontological, historical, and geographical data on the extinction of koa-finches". Diversity & Distributions. 14 (3): 441–451. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00442.x.

Groth, J. G. (1998). "Molecular phylogeny of the cardueline finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers". Ostrich. 69: 401.
Olson, Storrs L.; James, Helen F (1991). "Descriptions of Thirty-Two New Species of Birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part I. Non-Passeriformes". Ornithological Monographs. 45 (45): 1–91. doi:10.2307/40166794. hdl:10088/1745.
James, Helen F.; Olson, Storrs L (1991). "Descriptions of Thirty-Two New Species of Birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part II. Passeriformes". Ornithological Monographs. 46 (46): 1–92. doi:10.2307/40166713. hdl:10088/1746.

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[1] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2014). The Eponym Dictionary of Birds. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9781472905741. The genus Aidemedia is named in honor of Joan Aidem.

[2] James, Helen F; Storrs L. Olson (2003). "A giant new species of nukupuu (Fringillidae: Drepanidini: Hemignathus) from the island of Hawaii". The Auk. 120 (4): 970–981. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0970:AGNSON]2.0.CO;2.

[3] James, Helen F.; Johnathan P. Prince (May 2008). "Integration of palaeontological, historical, and geographical data on the extinction of koa-finches". Diversity & Distributions. 14 (3): 441–451. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00442.x.