Dax, Landes
Dax (French pronunciation: [daks]; Dacs in Occitan) is a commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France, sub-prefecture of the Landes department.
Dax | |
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Subprefecture and commune | |
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 Coat of arms | |
Location of Dax 
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  Dax  Dax | |
| Coordinates: 43°43′N 1°03′W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine |
| Department | Landes |
| Arrondissement | Dax |
| Canton | Dax-1 and 2 |
| Intercommunality | Grand Dax |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2014–2020) | Gabriel Bellocq |
| Area 1 | 19.70 km2 (7.61 sq mi) |
| Population (2017-01-01)[1] | 20,681 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 40088 /40100 |
| Elevation | 2–46 m (6.6–150.9 ft) (avg. 9 m or 30 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
It is known as a spa, specialising in mud treatment for rheumatism and similar ailments.
It is also a market town, former bishopric and busy local centre, especially for the Chalosse area.
Place de la cathédrale.
History
It was first established by the Romans, and its reputation is supposed to date from a visit by Julia, the daughter of the first Emperor Octavian Augustus. Its Roman name was Civitas Aquensium. In the Middle Ages, it was administered by viscounts until 1177. With the acquisition of Aquitaine by Henry II Plantagenet, later King of England, Dax remained under English rule until 1451, when it was conquered by French troops before the end of the Hundred Years' War. It successfully withstood a Spanish siege in 1521-1522.
Population
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 3,391 | — |
| 1806 | 3,179 | −6.3% |
| 1821 | 4,948 | +55.6% |
| 1831 | 4,716 | −4.7% |
| 1841 | 5,842 | +23.9% |
| 1851 | 5,805 | −0.6% |
| 1861 | 9,856 | +69.8% |
| 1872 | 9,062 | −8.1% |
| 1881 | 10,218 | +12.8% |
| 1891 | 10,240 | +0.2% |
| 1901 | 10,329 | +0.9% |
| 1911 | 11,387 | +10.2% |
| 1921 | 11,047 | −3.0% |
| 1931 | 12,663 | +14.6% |
| 1946 | 14,113 | +11.5% |
| 1954 | 14,557 | +3.1% |
| 1962 | 17,051 | +17.1% |
| 1968 | 19,348 | +13.5% |
| 1975 | 19,137 | −1.1% |
| 1982 | 18,648 | −2.6% |
| 1990 | 19,309 | +3.5% |
| 1999 | 19,515 | +1.1% |
| 2008 | 20,528 | +5.2% |
| 2013 | 20,776 | +1.2% |
Climate
| Climate data for Dax, Landes (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1958–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.8 (73.0) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.9 (85.8) |
32.7 (90.9) |
36.2 (97.2) |
39.1 (102.4) |
40.8 (105.4) |
41.1 (106.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
34.7 (94.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 11.4 (52.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.2 (81.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
19.3 (66.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.4 (61.5) |
19.5 (67.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
19.1 (66.4) |
15.5 (59.9) |
10.5 (50.9) |
7.6 (45.7) |
14.3 (57.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
7.5 (45.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.4 (50.7) |
6.1 (43.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −16.2 (2.8) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.3 (32.5) |
3.8 (38.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 106.3 (4.19) |
95.8 (3.77) |
82.8 (3.26) |
107.5 (4.23) |
90.2 (3.55) |
69.8 (2.75) |
57.9 (2.28) |
70.3 (2.77) |
89.6 (3.53) |
117.0 (4.61) |
145.7 (5.74) |
118.4 (4.66) |
1,151.3 (45.33) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.4 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 128.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 87 | 82 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 81 | 82 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 82.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 95.1 | 108.2 | 166.0 | 171.2 | 196.7 | 206.6 | 219.7 | 212.7 | 190.2 | 142.2 | 93.5 | 80.2 | 1,882.4 |
| Source 1: Météo France[2][3][4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990)[5] | |||||||||||||
Sights
- Roman archaeological crypt, including the foundations of a Roman temple from the second century AD.97
- Remains of the Gallic-Roman walls (4th century)
- Cathedral of Notre-Dame Ste-Marie97
- Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Xaintes.97
- Fontaine Chaude ("Hot Fountain").97
Twin towns
Personalities
- Maurice Boyau, ace of the First World War who spent most of his life in Dax
- Jean-Charles de Borda, mathematician
- Vincent de Paul, theologian born in a village near Dax
- Victor Denain, aviator and politician
- Roger Ducos, politician born in Dax
- Patrick Edlinger, rock climber
- Brigitte Lovisa Fouché, painter
- Laurent Fressinet, chess player
- Raphaël Ibañez, rugby player
- Christophe Lamaison, rugby player
- Émile Magne (1877–1953), art historian and literary critic
See also
- Diocese of Dax
- Guiraude de Dax
- US Dax, a French rugby union club based in Dax.
- Dacquoise
References
- "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
- "Données climatiques de la station de Dax" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- "Climat Aquitaine" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- "Dax (40)" (PDF). Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1981–2010 et records (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
- "Normes et records 1961-1990: Dax-Seyresse (40) - altitude 31m" (in French). Infoclimat. Archived from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
External links
- Official website (in French)
- Dax Cathedral
- Dax Cathedral
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