David Bowie (1969 album)

Released as a single in July 1969, "Space Oddity" was a largely acoustic number augmented by the eerie tones of the composer's Stylophone, a pocket electronic organ. The title and subject matter were inspired by Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey and introduced the character of Major Tom. The song dates back as early as February 1969. It was written for a promotional video named "Love You till Tuesday". The video's intent was to sell Bowie to a new label as he had been dropped from Deram Records in April 1968. He was urged by his manager Kenneth Pitt to record some new material and so "Space Oddity" was born. Some commentators have also seen the song as a metaphor for heroin use, citing the opening countdown as analogous to the drug's passage down the needle prior to the euphoric 'hit', and noting Bowie's admission of a "silly flirtation with smack" in 1968.[12] His 1980 hit "Ashes to Ashes" declared "We know Major Tom's a junkie".

"Unwashed and Somewhat Slightly Dazed" reflected a strong Bob Dylan influence,[13] with its harmonica, edgy guitar sound and snarling vocal. "Letter to Hermione" was a farewell ballad to Bowie's former girlfriend, Hermione Farthingale, who was also the subject of "An Occasional Dream",[10] a gentle folk tune reminiscent of the singer's 1967 debut album. "God Knows I'm Good", Bowie's observational tale of a shoplifter's plight, also recalled his earlier style.[10]

"Cygnet Committee" has been called Bowie's "first true masterpiece".[14] Commonly regarded as the album track most indicative of the composer's future direction, its lead character is a messianic figure "who breaks down barriers for his younger followers, but finds that he has only provided them with the means to reject and destroy him".[10] Bowie himself described it at the time as a put down of hippies who seemed ready to follow any charismatic leader.[14] Another track cited as foreshadowing themes to which Bowie would return in the 1970s, in this case the fracturing of personality, was "Janine", which featured the words "But if you took an axe to me, you'd kill another man not me at all".[15]

The Buddhism-influenced "Wild Eyed Boy from Freecloud" was presented in a heavily expanded form compared to the original guitar-and-cello version on the B-side of the "Space Oddity" single; the album cut featured a 50-piece orchestra. "Memory of a Free Festival" was Bowie's reminiscence of an arts festival he had organised in August 1969. Its drawn-out fade/chorus ("The Sun Machine is coming down / And we're gonna have a party") was compared to The Beatles' "Hey Jude";[16] the song has also been interpreted as a derisive comment on the counterculture it was ostensibly celebrating.[17] The background vocals for the crowd finale featured Bob Harris, his wife Sue, Tony Woollcott and Marc Bolan among other people.[18] In 1970 Bowie cut the tune in half for the A- and B-sides of a more rock-oriented version featuring the band that would accompany him on The Man Who Sold the World later that year: Mick Ronson, Tony Visconti and Mick Woodmansey – an embryonic form of Ziggy Stardust's Spiders From Mars.

Held to be "the first Bowie album proper",[15] and his first deemed worthy by record companies of regular reissue, David Bowie featured a notable list of collaborators, including session players Herbie Flowers, Tim Renwick, Terry Cox, and Rick Wakeman, as well as cellist Paul Buckmaster, multi-instrumentalist and producer Tony Visconti, and bassist John Lodge (not to be confused with The Moody Blues' bassist of the same name). Before recording for the album commenced at Trident Studios, the song "Space Oddity" had been selected as the lead single based on an earlier demo.[12] Visconti saw it as a "novelty record" and passed the production responsibility for the song on to Gus Dudgeon.[15] However, Visconti produced all the remaining songs on the album. Tim Renwick, John 'Honk' Lodge, Mick Wayne and John Cambridge – all from the band 'Junior's Eyes' – featured on the album sessions and briefly served as Bowie's backing band for live appearances and on an October 1969 BBC Radio session.[19][20][21]

Although the opening song had given Bowie a No. 5 hit in the UK earlier in the year, the remainder of the material bore little resemblance to it and the album was a commercial failure on its initial release, despite some decent reviews.[16] The New York Times, in a review published over a year after the album's release, praised the album, calling it, "a complete, coherent and brilliant vision".[22] On the other hand, Village Voice critic Robert Christgau considered this album, along with Bowie's follow-up, The Man Who Sold the World, to be "overwrought excursions".[23] However the November 1972 reissue, released in the wake of Bowie's breakthrough The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars and featuring a contemporary Ziggy photo on the cover, made No. 17 in the UK charts and No. 16 in the United States.

The original UK David Bowie LP cover artwork showed a facial portrait of Bowie by British photographer Vernon Dewhurst exposed on top of a work by artist Victor Vasarely with blue and violet spots on a green background.[24] A similar portrait was used on the US Mercury LP Man of Words/Man of Music, but on a plain blue background. When the album was re-released as Space Oddity in 1972 by RCA, a more recent portrait from the Ziggy Stardust period was displayed on the front cover.[25] This new cover was replicated in early CD releases of the album. For the 1999 CD reissue, the original UK portrait was restored, although the Space Oddity title was added to the cover. The 2009 and 2015 editions of the album used the original UK cover, reverting to the original green tint and David Bowie title.

All tracks written by David Bowie.

Side one

1. "Space Oddity" – 5:16
2. "Unwashed and Somewhat Slightly Dazed" – 6:55
3. "Letter to Hermione" – 2:33
4. "Cygnet Committee" – 9:35

Side two

1. "Janine" – 3:25
2. "An Occasional Dream" – 3:01
3. "Wild Eyed Boy from Freecloud" – 4:52
4. "God Knows I'm Good" – 3:21
5. "Memory of a Free Festival" – 7:09

The original UK vinyl release included a short, hidden and untitled track, known as "Don't Sit Down," at the end of "Unwashed and Somewhat Slightly Dazed." Subsequent releases have either deleted the hidden track entirely, included it as a separately identified track, or restored it to its original hidden status.

– According to the booklet included with the CD :

• David Bowie – vocals, acoustic guitar, Stylophone on "Space Oddity", chord organ on "Memories of a Free Festival", kalimba
• Tim Renwick – electric guitar
• Keith Christmas – acoustic guitar
• Mick Wayne – guitar
• Rick Wakeman – Mellotron, electric harpsichord
• Tony Visconti – bass guitar, flute, recorder
• Herbie Flowers – bass guitar
• Terry Cox – drums
• Benny Marshall and friends – harmonica, backing vocals on "Memories of a Free Festival"
• Paul Buckmaster – cello

Album

Single

• David Bowie (1969 album) at Discogs (list of releases)