Crotamiton

Crotamiton is a drug that is used both as a scabicidal (for treating scabies) and as a general antipruritic (anti-itching drug). It is a prescription, lotion-based medicine that is applied to the whole body to get rid of the scabies parasite that burrows under the skin and causes itching.

Crotamiton
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
Pregnancy
category
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
    ATCvet code
    • QP53AX04 (WHO)
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEMBL
    ECHA InfoCard100.233.700
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC13H17NO
    Molar mass203.285 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
     NY (what is this?)  (verify)

    Use

    For treating scabies, crotamiton should be applied to the whole body rather than a localized area. It is applied two or three times, with a 24-hour delay between applications, and the patient is asked to take a shower no sooner than after 48 hours. For children under 3 years, it is applied once daily. It can also be used to treat itching stemming from other causes, e.g. insect bites, in which case it is applied to the itching areas only, and repeated if necessary after 4 to 8 hours. Use near the eyes, or breaks in the skin, should be avoided.

    Pharmacology

    Crotamiton is toxic to the scabies mite,[1] The mechanism of action of crotamiton as a general antipruritic was reported, in which crotamiton inhibits TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel that is expressed in the skin, primary sensory neurons, and so on.[2]

    Pharmacokinetics

    After topical application, crotamiton is absorbed systemically. It has an elimination half-life of 30.9 hours and 4.8-8.8% is excreted in the urine.[3]

    Side effects

    The most common side effect of crotamiton is skin irritation.

    Trade name

    Crotamiton is marketed under the trade names Eurax, which is manufactured by Ranbaxy Laboratories in the United States, and GlaxoSmithKline in the United Kingdom, and Euracin, which is manufactured by Green Cross in South Korea. In Germany, it is marketed under the brand name Crotamitex. In India, it is sold as Eurax by Ranbaxy Laboratories.

    References
    1. "Crotamiton: mechanism of action". Medscape Drug Information.
    2. Kittaka H, Yamanoi Y, Tominaga M (October 2017). "Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel as a target of crotamiton and its bimodal effects". Pflugers Archiv. 469 (10): 1313–1323. doi:10.1007/s00424-017-1998-7. PMID 28612138. S2CID 4059914.
    3. "Crotamiton: pharmacokinetics". Medscape Drug Information.
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