Court officials of the Kingdom of Georgia

The court officials of the Kingdom of Georgia, were in charge of the royal court, that is to say, in the royal Palace, where the central institutions of the united Georgian Monarchy were concentrated, there were many services, subordinated to the most important officials of the Palace. Basing on such kind of services, the heads of the offices (so called Ukhutsesi) managed their fields. The middle and low officials of the services had to fulfill their duties in the various institutions of the Palace since these institutions were not clearly marked off according their fields and functions inside the Palace; they were not demarcated even physically. This was a place, where the officials of the king's domain, state and public services met.

The chronological lists below are not exhaustive, since there exist large gaps in the historical record.

Majordomo

The majordomo (Georgian: msakhurtukhutsesi) was the chief official of the court, who oversaw all the other officials.

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
Apridon 1178 1184
Vardan I Dadiani 1185 1911
Ivane Mkhargrdzeli 1191 1207
Vache I Vachutian 1207[1] ?
Vahram Gageli 1212 1230
Manavel (son of Vache) 1230 1245
Grigol Surameli 1245 1260
Bega Surameli 1260 1280
Hamada Surameli 1280 1290

Chancellor

The Chancellor (Georgian: mtsignobartukhutsesi) was the head of the government.

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
George of Chqondidi 1105 1118
Svimeon 1118 1140
John 1179
Anton Gnolistavisdze 1177 1204
Michael IV of Georgia 1184 1185/6
Theodore II of Georgia 1204 1207
Arsen of Georgia 1063 1248
Basil 1250 1265

Treasurer

The treasurer (Georgian: mechurchletukhutsesi) was the official responsible for running the treasury of an organization.

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
Ivane (III) Vardanisdze
Ivane Kolonkelisdze 1177/1178
Qutlu Arslan 1177 1185
Kakhaber Vardanisdze 1185
Abulasan 1185 1188
Shalva Toreli-Akhaltsikheli 1212 1222
Shota Rustaveli
Ivane I Jaqeli 1191 1247
Gamrekeli Toreli 1241
Mamucha 1241/1242
Kakha (III) Toreli 1250s 1270s

Master of ceremonies

The master of ceremonies (Georgian: mandaturtukhutsesi) was responsible for conducting stately ceremonies such as coronations and receptions of foreign ambassadors.

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
Ivane (III) Vardanisdze
Ivane (I) Orbeli
Sumbat (I) Orbeli 1155
Ivane (II) Orbeli 1160 1178
Kubasar 1178 1184
Chiaberi 1185 1195
Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli 1195 1202/03
Shalva Toreli-Akhaltsikheli 1202/03 1215
Shanshe Mkhargrdzeli 1223 1261/2
Avag-Sargis Mkhargrdzeli 1262 1268
Ivane II Mkhargdrzeli 1268 1285
Beka I Jaqeli 1285 1308
Sargis II Jaqeli 1308 1334

Marshal

The marshal (Georgian: amirspasalar) had charge of the royal stables.

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
Ivane I Orbeli 1128
Sumbat Orbeli 1128 1155
Kirkash Abuletisdze 1155 1156
Ivane II Orbeli 1156 1178
Kubasar 1178 1184
Sargis Mkhargrdzeli 1185 1187
Gamrekeli Toreli 1187 1189
Chiaber 1090 1091
Zakaria II Mkhargdzeli 1191 1212
Ivane Mkhargrdzeli 1212 1227
Shanshe Mkhargrdzeli 1240
Avag Mkhargrdzeli 1242 1250
Zakaria III Mkhargrdzeli 1250 1262
Ivane Abuletisdze 1260 1272
Sadun of Mankaberd 1272 1281/1282
Qutlubugha 1289 1293
Mkhargrdzeli (son of Shanshe I) 1285
Shanshe II Mkhargrdzeli 1290 1310
Qvarqvare I Jaqeli 1334 1361
Aghbugha I Jaqeli 1361 1391

Tutor

The tutor (Georgian: atabeg) was one of the highest court titles created by Queen Tamar of Georgia in 1212 for her powerful subjects of the Mkhargrdzeli family. The atabeg of Georgia was a vizier and a Lord High Tutor to Heir Apparent. Not infrequently, the office of atabeg was combined with that of amirspasalar (commander-in-chief). In 1334, the title became hereditary in the Jaqeli family who ruled the Principality of Samtskhe. Therefore, this entity came to be denominated as Samtskhe-Saatabago, the latter element meaning "of the atabags".[2]

Name First record in office Final record in office Title(s)
Ivane Mkhargrdzeli 1207 1227
Avag Mkhargrdzeli 1227 1250
Ivane (III) Abuletisdze 1260 1272
Sadun of Mankaberd 1272 1281/1282
Tarsaich Orbeli 1284 1289
Mkhargrdzeli (grandson of Shanshe I) 1285
Shanshe II Mkhargrdzeli 1290s 1310s
Vahram Gageli 1336 1290s
Sargis Jaqeli 1282 1284
Aghbugha 1361 1391

Notes
  1. მეფეთა მეფე თამარის გარდაცვალების თარიღი "ოთხმეზურის წაკითხვით წარწერის ჩამონათვალში მსახურთუხუცესად ივანეს ნაცვლად ვაჩე იხსენიება, რაც, მისი აზრით, იმას ნიშნავს, რომ თამარის გარდაცვალების, მისი ვარაუდით, 1207 წელს, ამ სახელოს მფლობელი ვაჩეა, ხოლო ივანე ამ დროისთვის ათაბეგია."
  2. Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p. 438, n. 1. Georgetown University Press.

Sources
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