Communist Party of Nepal

CPN played an important role in the 1951 uprising that overthrew the Rana regime. After the Raksha Dal revolt in 1952, the CPN was banned on January 24, 1952.[1]

In 1954 the first party congress was held clandestinely in Patan. Manmohan Adhikari was elected general secretary.

In April 1956 the ban on the party was lifted.[1]

In 1957 the second party congress was held in Kathmandu. For the first time the party could hold its congress openly. Keshar Jung Rayamajhi was elected general secretary. The congress approved a republican party programme.

Rayamajhi supported the 1960 royal coup. This position prompted Ajoy Ghosh, leader of the Communist Party of India to advice Rayamjhi to rectify his positions and retain the struggle against the monarchy.[2] In early 1961 all political parties were banned. A wave of repression against CPN was initiated by the government. Rayamajhi, had however, expressed certain faith in the politics of the monarch, something that provoked stern reaction from other sectors of the party. To resolve the conflict a Central Plenum was convened in Darbhanga, India. The plenum lasted one month. Three lines emerged, a pro-constitutional monarchy line led by Rayamajhi, a line that wanted to restore the dissolved parliament and launch broad mass movements led by Pushpa Lal and a third line which favoured a constitutional assembly led by Mohan Bikram Singh. The latter line emerged victorious, but its sole representative in the Central Committee was Singh.

Communism in Nepal
Leaders  Keshar Jung Rayamajhi  Man Mohan Adhikari  Pushpa Lal Shrestha  Sahana Pradhan  Mohan Bikram Singh  Madan Bhandari  Chandra Prakash Mainali  Khadga Prasad Oli  Madhav Kumar Nepal  Baburam Bhattarai  Pushpa Kamal Dahal
Current groups  ANDYA  ANDYA (RJM)  ANNFSU  ANNISU (R)  ANNISU (Sixth) (RJM)  ANNISU (Unified)  ANWA (R)  CPN (2013)  CPN (Maoist) (2014)  CPN (Marxist) (2006)  CPN (Masal) (2006)  CPN (ML) (2002)  CPN (MLM) Samyabadi  CPN (United)  CPN-Maoist  GEFONT  Jatiya Samata Samaj  NCP  Nepal Rastriya Dalit Mukti Sangathan  Nepal Samyabadi Dal  Nepal Udpidit Jatiya Mukti Samaj  NWPP  NNTA  NPSF  NRSU  PLA  RJM  YCL
Defunct groups  ANCRCC (ML)  ANNFSU (Sixth)  Barre Sangarsh Samuha  Communist League  CPN (2006)  CPN (4th Convention)  CPN (Amatya)  CPN (Burma)  CPN (D)  CPN (Janamukhi)  CPN (Manmohan)  CPN (Maoist Centre)  CPN (Marxist) (1st)  CPN (Marxist) (2nd)  CPN (Masal)  CPN (Masal) (1999)  CPN (Mashal)  CPN (Matri Samuha)  CPN (ML)  CPN (ML) (1998)  CPN (MLM)  CPN (MLM Centre)  CPN (Pushpa Lal)  CPN (UC)  CPN (UC–M)  CPN (UM)  CPN (Unified)  CPN (UML)  CPN (United)  CPN-ML (Samajbadi)  Janamorcha Nepal  Mukti Morcha Samuha  NCL  Nepal Red Communist Party  NWPO (D.P. Singh)  NWPO (Hareram Sharma)  NRO (ML)  NSP (Malema)  People's Democratic United Front  Proletarian Communist League  Proletarian Revolutionary Organisation, Nepal  Rebel Unity Centre  Revolutionary Communist Organisation, Nepal  Revolutionary Communist Organising Committee  Revolutionary Left Wing  Sandesh Samuha  SJM  ULF (1990)  ULF (2002)  UNPM
Related articles  Communism in Nepal  History of Nepal  Nepalese Civil War  Politics of Nepal  Political parties in Nepal  Elections in Nepal
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In April 1962 one section of the party convened a 3rd party congress in Varanasi, India. The congress approved the programme of National Democratic Revolution proposed by Tulsi Lal Amatya, and elected Tulsi Lal as general secretary. The congress decided to expel Rayamjhi. But the sector led by Rayamajhi, who controlled the Central Committee, did not recognize this congress as legitimate. Effectively the party had now been divided into two, one Communist Party led by Tulsi Lal Amatya and one Communist Party led by Keshar Jung Rayamjhi. These in turn faced further splits, mergers and renaming.

• List of communist parties in Nepal
• Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
• History of Nepal
• Arbind Rimal