Commelinoideae

Commelinoideae is a subfamily of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family (Commelinaceae). The Commelinoideae is one of two subfamilies within the Commelinaceae and includes 39 genera (out of 41 in the family) and all but 12 of the family's several hundred known species. The subfamily is further broken down into two tribes, the Tradescantieae, which includes 26 genera and about 300 species, and the Commelineae, which contains 13 genera and about 350 species.

Commelinoideae
Commelina maculata in Narsapur, Medak district, India.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Commelinales
Family: Commelinaceae
Subfamily: Commelinoideae
Faden & D.R. Hunt
Tribes

The Commelinoideae is separated morphologically from the other subfamily, Cartonematoideae, in having glandular microhairs, arteries containing needle-like calcium oxalate crystals called raphide canals in between the veins of the leaves, and flowers that are virtually never both yellow and actinomorphic.[1] Molecular phylogenetics also supports the separation of the two subfamilies. [2]

Phylogeny

The following is a phylogeny, or evolutionary tree, of most of the genera in Commelinoideae based on DNA sequences from the plastid gene rbcL[2]

Subfamily Commelinoideae
Tribe Tradescantieae

Tinantia

Weldenia

Thysanthemum

Elasis

Tradescantia + Gibasis

Callisia + Tripogandra

Amischotolype

Coleotrype

Cyanotis

Belosynapsis

Dichorisandra

Siderasis

Cochliostema

Plowmanianthus

Geogenanthus

Palisota

Spatholirion

Tribe Commelineae

Commelina

Pollia

Polyspatha

Aneilema + Rhopalephora

Floscopa

Stanfieldiella

Buforrestia

Murdannia

Anthericopsis

References

  1. Faden, Robert B. (1998), "Commelinaceae", in Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, IV, Berlin: Springer, pp. 109–128
  2. Evans, Timothy M.; Systsma, Kenneth J.; Faden, Robert, B.; Givnish, Thomas J. (2003), "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Commelinaceae: A Cladistic Analysis of rbcL Sequences and Morphology", Systematic Botany, 28 (2): 270–292, doi:10.1043/0363-6445-28.2.270

Bibliography

  • Jean H. Burns, Robert B. Faden, and Scott J. Steppan. (2011) Phylogenetic Studies in the Commelinaceae Subfamily Commelinoideae Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal and Chloroplast DNA Sequences. Systematic Botany 36(2): 268–276. doi:10.1600/036364411X569471

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