Chi Chi (giant panda)

Chi Chi (Chinese: 姬姬; pinyin: Jī Jī; September 1954 in wild in Sichuan, China – 22 July 1972 London Zoo) was a well-known female giant panda at London Zoo in England.[1]

Chi Chi at London Zoo, September 1967

Chi Chi was not London Zoo's first giant panda; Ming was one of four that arrived in 1938. However, it was Chi Chi who became the Zoo's star attraction and England's best-loved zoo animal.[2]

Chi Chi is now a stuffed exhibit at the Natural History Museum in London.

Life

She was caught in May 1955 in Baoxing, Sichuan, and moved to the Beijing Zoo in June. In May 1957, Kliment Voroshilov made a request for a panda for the Moscow Zoo during his visit to China, and she was sent to Moscow with another panda in the same month. However, the attempts to mate them were unsuccessful due to sexual imprinting as a result of being reared by human keepers.[3][4] The Russians suspected that both pandas were male, and as a result, the Soviets returned Chi Chi to China in exchange for another panda in January 1958.[2][5] In May of the same year, the Austrian animal broker, Heini Demmer, acquired Chi Chi from Beijing Zoo in exchange for an impressive collection of African hoofstock and brought the animal back to Moscow Zoo. After resting for a week, the panda journeyed to Tierpark Berlin, the zoo in East Berlin. By then, Chi Chi had already been sold to Brookfield Zoo in Illinois, United States. However, the Treasury Department stepped in and announced that the US trade embargo on goods from the People's Republic of China extended even to pandas.[6] Chi Chi was thus refused entry to the US.

The Frankfurt Zoological Garden provided a temporary home for the panda until Demmer decided to temporarily hire the animal out to European zoos. She then visited Copenhagen Zoo before she arrived at London Zoo on 5 September 1958. The Zoological Society of London had stated that it would not encourage collection of wild pandas, but accepted Chi Chi since she had already been collected. Although Chi Chi's visit was originally planned to last for only three weeks, it was decided to buy her for £12,000. Chi Chi became property of London Zoo on 26 September 1958.[7] Around this time, photographer Stanley Long created a series of stereoscopic 3D views of Chi Chi for the VistaScreen publishing company.[8]

An elderly gentleman responded to a call for new sources of bamboo. He lived in a cottage on the edge of Menabilly Woods, on the Menabilly Estate in Cornwall. 'The Captain' as the man was respectfully known by the locals, cut down a sample of the bamboo from the dense thickets growing around his cottage and sent it up to London. Chi Chi ate some of it and the ZSL engaged the Captain to provide a regular supply. The Captain enlisted the help of the local Scout group and a handful of scouts soon became the official bamboo suppliers to Chi Chi. The boys would take it to the house of Mike Kerris, the scout leader, after they had cut it on Sundays. Then, first thing on Monday morning, he would load it up and take the bamboo to Par railway station, where it was weighed and then put on a train to London Zoo. The Polkerris Scouts sent bamboo to Chi Chi until she died in 1972.[9] Polkerris Scout Group were awarded a badge of Chi Chi Panda, which is worn on their scarf.

Then in 1974 the Prime Minister Edward Heath brought two new pandas from China Ching-Ching (female) and Chia-Chia (male) so the scouts started cutting the bamboo again to send to the zoo.

Chi Chi was an inspiration for Sir Peter Scott's simple but distinctive black and white design used as the logo of the World Wildlife Fund.[10][11] However the organization's current logo is not the logo designed by Peter Scott but a later one, designed for WWF in 1986 when it changed its name from World Wildlife Fund to World Wide Fund for Nature.[12]

Stuffed remains at the Natural History Museum in London

Chi Chi died on 22 July 1972[13] and was mourned by the nation.[2] A post mortem was conducted. Her remains, now a stuffed exhibit, sit in a glass case, at London's Natural History Museum.[14]

See also

References
  1. Michael R. Brambell, London Zoo's Giant panda: Ailuropoda melatiolenca: 'Chi Chi', 1957–1972. International Zoo Yearbook, Volume 14, Issue 1, pp. 163–164. Published online 18 December 2007. The Zoological Society of London, 1985. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1974.tb00809.x.
  2. "London Zoo". Good Zoos. Archived from the original on 9 August 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  3. Nicholls, Henry (2011). The Way of the Panda: The Curious History of China's Political Animal. Open Road Media, ISBN 978-1-4532-1773-3
  4. Dobbin, Muriel (April 24, 1975). D.C. zoo encourages giant pandas to observe nation's birth with own. Baltimore Sun
  5. "姬姬". Baidu Baike. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  6. Chinoy, Michael (1975). "Pandamonium, or Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Pandas" (PDF). New China. 1 (1): 16. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  7. Ramona Morris & Desmond Morris: The Giant Panda. Revised edition by Jonathan Barzdo. Papermac, London 1981, pp. 93–111, ISBN 0-333-32473-0
  8. Ference, Ian (7 July 2019). "VistaScreen's "Chi-Chi the Giant Panda": Why does this even exist?". Brooklyn Stereography. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
  9. The Way of the Panda: The Curious History of China's Political Animal by Henry Nicholls
  10. Strategic management for voluntary nonprofit organizations. Routledge. 2002. ISBN 978-0415250238. Retrieved 28 October 2008.
  11. WWF: Giant Panda
  12. "07 World Wildlife Fund (1961)". Creative Review. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  13. Gwynne Vevers: London's Zoo. London 1976, p. 99, ISBN 0-370-10440-4
  14. Henry Nicholls (2011). The Way of the Panda: The Curious History of China's Political Animal. Open Road Media. ISBN 978-1-4532-1773-3.

Further reading

Heini Demmer, Ute Demmer & Erich Tylinek: Tschitschi der Bambusbär. Artia, Prague 1961.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.