Charles Marlow
Charles Marlow is a fictional English seaman and recurring character in the work of novelist Joseph Conrad.
| Charles Marlow | |
|---|---|
| Created by | Joseph Conrad |
| In-universe information | |
| Nickname | Captain Marlow |
| Gender | Male |
| Occupation | Seaman in the merchant marine |
| Nationality | British |
Role of Marlow in novels by Conrad
Marlow narrates several of Conrad's best-known works such as the novels Lord Jim and Chance, as well as the framed narrative in Heart of Darkness, and his short story Youth. In Lord Jim, Marlow narrates but has a role in the story, finding a place for Jim to live, twice. Raymond Malbone considers that Marlow is the main character in Lord Jim, as "the theme of the novel rests in what Jim's story means to Marlow rather than in what happens to Jim."[1]
The stories are not told entirely from Marlow's perspective, however. There is also an omniscient narrator who introduces Marlow and some of the other characters. Once introduced, Marlow then proceeds to tell the main tale, creating a story-within-a-story effect.
In Heart of Darkness the omniscient narrator observes that "yarns of seamen have a direct simplicity, the whole meaning of which lies within the shell of a cracked nut. But Marlow was not typical [...] and to him the meaning of an episode was not inside like a kernel but outside, enveloping the tale which brought it out only as a glow brings out a haze."[2]
Inspiration
Marlow's name may be inspired by the Elizabethan playwright Christopher Marlowe. Conrad's father was a translator of William Shakespeare who doubtless would have known of Marlowe's work as well. Some intertextual interpretations of Heart of Darkness have suggested that Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus may have influenced Conrad. Charles Marlow describes a character as a "papier-mache Mephistopheles", a reference to the Faust legend. Marlow's and Kurtz's journey up the Congo River in Heart of Darkness also has similarities to another work by Marlowe, Dido, Queen of Carthage, in which Aeneas is stranded on the shore of Libya and meets the African queen Dido.[3]
References
- Malbone, Raymond Gates (January 1965). ""How to Be": Marlow's Quest in Lord Jim". Twentieth Century Literature. 10 (4): 172–180. doi:10.2307/440559. JSTOR 440559.
- Orr, Leonard; Billy, Ted (1999). A Joseph Conrad Companion. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 85. ISBN 0-313-29289-2.
- Ray, Sid (June 2006). "Marlow(e)'s Africa: Postcolonial Queenship in Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Marlowe's Dido, Queen of Carthage". Conradiana: A Journal of Joseph Conrad Studies. 38 (2). ISSN 0010-6356.
Other sources
- Stape, John Henry (1996), The Cambridge Companion to Joseph Conrad, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-48484-7
- Wake, Paul (2007), Conrad's Marlow: Narrative and Death in 'Youth', Heart of Darkness, Lord Jim and Chance, Manchester: Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-1784992477