Calyptorhynchus
Described by French naturalist Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest in 1826,[1] the genus Calyptorhynchus has five species of cockatoos. They are all mostly black in colour, and the taxa may be differentiated partly by size and partly by small areas of red, grey, and yellow plumage, especially in the tail feathers. It is the sole genus of the "dark cockatoo" subfamily Calyptorhynchinae. Studies based on the mitochondrial DNA 12S gene fragment suggested that other sexually dichromatic species, the gang-gang cockatoo and the cockatiel may be the closest living relatives of Calyptorhynchus. [2] However, subsequent studies, including more genes confirm the morphological taxonomy with the gang-gang cockatoo most closely related to the galah, within the white cockatoo group, and with the cockatiel as a third distinct subfamily of cockatoos.[3] Two subgenera (Calyptorhynchus and Zanda) are recognized based on the colouration of the species, and presence of sexual dimorphism:
Subgenus | Image | Scientific name | Common name | Subspecies | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calyptorhynchus - black-and-red cockatoos | Calyptorhynchus (Calyptorhynchus) banksii | Red-tailed black cockatoo |
|
Australia | |
Calyptorhynchus (Calyptorhynchus) lathami | Glossy black cockatoo |
|
eastern Australia. | ||
Zanda - black-and-yellow/white cockatoos | Calyptorhynchus (Zanda) funereus | Yellow-tailed black cockatoo |
|
south-east of Australia | |
Calyptorhynchus (Zanda) latirostris | Carnaby's black cockatoo | southwest Australia | |||
Calyptorhynchus (Zanda) baudinii | Baudin's black cockatoo | southwest Australia | |||
Calyptorhynchus | |
---|---|
Calyptorhynchus banksii | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Psittaciformes |
Family: | Cacatuidae |
Subfamily: | Calyptorhynchinae Bonaparte, 1853 |
Genus: | Calyptorhynchus Desmarest, 1826 |
Species | |
Five, in two subgenera |
References
- Desmarest, Anselme Gaëtan (1826). "Parrots" [Parrots]. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans lequel on traite méthodiquement des différens êtres de la nature... [Dictionary of Natural Sciences, where all natural beings are treated methodically...] (in French). 39 (PEROQ–PHOQ). Strasbourg: F.G. Levrault. pp. 21, 117. OCLC 4345179.
- (Brown & Toft, 1999).
- White, Nicole E.; et al. (2011). "The evolutionary history of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 59 (3): 615–622. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.011. PMID 21419232.
- Higgins, p. 76.
Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Calyptorhynchus. |
Wikispecies has information related to Calyptorhynchus |
- Astuti, Dwi (2004?): A phylogeny of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes) inferred from DNA sequences of the seventh intron of nuclear β-fibrinogen gene. Doctoral work, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan. PDF fulltext
- Brown, D.M.; Toft, C.A. (1999). "Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)". Auk. 116 (1): 141–157. doi:10.2307/4089461. JSTOR 4089461.
- Higgins, P.J. (1999). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 4: Parrots to Dollarbird. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-553071-1.