Bergman space

If the domain D is bounded, then the norm is often given by

${\displaystyle \|f\|_{A^{p}(D)}:=\left(\int _{D}|f(z)|^{p}\,dA\right)^{1/p}\;\;\;\;\;(f\in A^{p}(D)),}$

where ${\displaystyle A}$ is a normalised Lebesgue measure of the complex plane, i.e. dA = dz/Area(D). Alternatively dA = dz/π is used, regardless of the area of D. The Bergman space is usually defined on the open unit disk ${\displaystyle \mathbb {D} }$ of the complex plane, in which case ${\displaystyle A^{p}(\mathbb {D} ):=A^{p}}$. In the Hilbert space case, given ${\displaystyle f(z)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }a_{n}z^{n}\in A^{2}}$, we have

${\displaystyle \|f\|_{A^{2}}^{2}:={\frac {1}{\pi }}\int _{\mathbb {D} }|f(z)|^{2}\,dz=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {|a_{n}|^{2}}{n+1}},}$

that is, A² is isometrically isomorphic to the weighted ℓ^p(1/(n+1)) space.[1] In particular the polynomials are dense in A². Similarly, if D = ℂ₊, the right (or the upper) complex half-plane, then

${\displaystyle \|F\|_{A^{2}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}^{2}:={\frac {1}{\pi }}\int _{\mathbb {C} _{+}}|F(z)|^{2}\,dz=\int _{0}^{\infty }|f(t)|^{2}{\frac {dt}{t}},}$

where ${\displaystyle F(z)=\int _{0}^{\infty }f(t)e^{-tz}\,dt}$, that is, A²(ℂ₊) is isometrically isomorphic to the weighted L^p_1/t (0,∞) space (via the Laplace transform).[2][3]

The weighted Bergman space A^p(D) is defined in an analogous way,[1] i.e.

${\displaystyle \|f\|_{A_{w}^{p}(D)}:=\left(\int _{D}|f(x+iy)|^{2}\,w(x+iy)\,dx\,dy\right)^{1/p},}$

provided that w : D → [0, ∞) is chosen in such way, that ${\displaystyle A_{w}^{p}(D)}$ is a Banach space (or a Hilbert space, if p = 2). In case where ${\displaystyle D=\mathbb {D} }$, by a weighted Bergman space ${\displaystyle A_{\alpha }^{p}}$[4] we mean the space of all analytic functions f such that

${\displaystyle \|f\|_{A_{\alpha }^{p}}:=\left((\alpha +1)\int _{\mathbb {D} }|f(z)|^{p}\,(1-|z|^{2})^{\alpha }dA(z)\right)^{1/p}<\infty ,}$

and similarly on the right half-plane (i.e. ${\displaystyle A_{\alpha }^{p}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}$) we have[5]

${\displaystyle \|f\|_{A_{\alpha }^{p}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}:=\left({\frac {1}{\pi }}\int _{\mathbb {C} _{+}}|f(x+iy)|^{p}x^{\alpha }\,dx\,dy\right)^{1/p},}$

and this space is isometrically isomorphic, via the Laplace transform, to the space ${\displaystyle L^{2}(\mathbb {R} _{+},\,d\mu _{\alpha })}$,[6][7] where

${\displaystyle d\mu _{\alpha }:={\frac {\Gamma (\alpha +1)}{2^{\alpha }t^{\alpha +1}}}\,dt}$

(here Γ denotes the Gamma function).

Further generalisations are sometimes considered, for example ${\displaystyle A_{\nu }^{2}}$ denotes a weighted Bergman space (often called a Zen space[3]) with respect to a translation-invariant positive regular Borel measure ${\displaystyle \nu }$ on the closed right complex half-plane ${\displaystyle {\overline {\mathbb {C} _{+}}}}$, that is

${\displaystyle A_{\nu }^{p}:=\left\{f:\mathbb {C} _{+}\longrightarrow \mathbb {C} \;{\text{analytic}}\;:\;\|f\|_{A_{\nu }^{p}}:=\left(\sup _{\epsilon >0}\int _{\overline {\mathbb {C} _{+}}}|f(z+\epsilon )|^{p}\,d\nu (z)\right)^{1/p}<\infty \right\}.}$

The reproducing kernel ${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A^{2}}}$ of A² at point ${\displaystyle z\in \mathbb {D} }$ is given by[1]

${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A^{2}}(\zeta )={\frac {1}{(1-{\overline {z}}\zeta )^{2}}}\;\;\;\;\;(\zeta \in \mathbb {D} ),}$

and similarly for ${\displaystyle A^{2}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}$ we have[5]

${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A^{2}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}(\zeta )={\frac {1}{({\overline {z}}+\zeta )^{2}}}\;\;\;\;\;(\zeta \in \mathbb {C} _{+}),}$.

In general, if ${\displaystyle \varphi }$ maps a domain ${\displaystyle \Omega }$ conformally onto a domain ${\displaystyle D}$, then[1]

${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A^{2}(\Omega )}(\zeta )=k_{\varphi (z)}^{{\mathcal {A}}^{2}(D)}(\varphi (\zeta ))\,{\overline {\varphi '(z)}}\varphi '(\zeta )\;\;\;\;\;(z,\zeta \in \Omega ).}$

In weighted case we have[4]

${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A_{\alpha }^{2}}(\zeta )={\frac {\alpha +1}{(1-{\overline {z}}\zeta )^{\alpha +2}}}\;\;\;\;\;(z,\zeta \in \mathbb {D} ),}$

and[5]

${\displaystyle k_{z}^{A_{\alpha }^{2}(\mathbb {C} _{+})}(\zeta )={\frac {2^{\alpha }(\alpha +1)}{({\overline {z}}+\zeta )^{\alpha +2}}}\;\;\;\;\;(z,\zeta \in \mathbb {C} _{+}).}$

• Bergman, Stefan (1970), The kernel function and conformal mapping, Mathematical Surveys, 5 (2nd ed.), American Mathematical Society
• Hedenmalm, H.; Korenblum, B.; Zhu, K. (2000), Theory of Bergman Spaces, Springer, ISBN 978-0-387-98791-0
• Richter, Stefan (2001) [1994], "Bergman spaces", in Hazewinkel, Michiel (ed.), Encyclopedia of Mathematics, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. / Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4.

• Bergman kernel
• Banach space
• Hilbert space
• Reproducing kernel Hilbert space
• Hardy space
• Dirichlet space