Béla Kéler

Late 19th c. Hungarian article about Kéler's success in Germany. He emphasized his Magyar origins even in Germany by keeping the Hungarian name order (Kéler Béla) on his publications

Béla Kéler was born in 1820 in the City of Bártfa (German: Bartfeld, Slovak: Bardejov), Sáros County, Royal Hungary as Albert Paul Keler, but German and Austrian sources also tell Adalbert Paul von Keler. He descended from an ethnic German family on his father's side, but was ethnic Magyar on his mother's side.[1]

Béla Kéler

His father Stefan Keler (1781–1849) was a principal magistrate of the Bártfa city. He comes from the old Bártfa burgher's family. His mother Anna Bóth (1793–1848)[2] was from the old Hungarian Both de Botfalva noble family. They raised 13 children, Albert's siblings were Frederika, Stefan, Emilia, Antonia, Matilda, Augusta, Apollonia, Ferdinand, Viktor, Josefina, Amalia. The household was German speaking, because the majority of residents of Bártfa that time were Carpathian Germans.

As a little boy he studied violin with Franz Schiffer in Bártfa. He began his school education in 1834 in the Evangelical Lyceum of Lőcse. After that he studied in Evangelical College of Eperjes (Slovak: Prešov, Slovakia), later briefly studied law and philosophy in Debrecen. Soon he left and picked up studies again in Eperjes.

After dropping out of law school,[3] he worked on a farm where he read a textbook by Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, famous Austrian baroque composer. Than he started practicing the violin. By the time he moved to Vienna, he was good enough to play in the orchestra of the Theater an der Wien. While holding this position, he studied with Simon Sechter. He became leader of the Gungl Band in Berlin in 1854, and the next year succeeded Augustin Lanner in Vienna. From 1856 to 1863, he was Kapellmeister of an infantry regiment in the Vienna garrison.[4] In 1867, he joined the Kur Orchestra in Wiesbaden, where he remained until 1873.[4][5] In the 1870s, he toured all over Europe.

He lived and worked in Eperjes (Slovak: Prešov, where he led a students' orchestra. In 1845, he moved to Vienna, Austria and in 1863 to Wiesbaden, Germany, where he lies buried. In his testament he donated all of his works to the city of Bártfa, where he was born.

First page of Béla Kéler's Rákóczi Ouverture

His best known piece Erinnerung an Bartfeld is written on the melodies of typical local folk songs of Sáros country. This piece was (partly) mistakenly rewritten by Johannes Brahms as Hungarian Dance No. 5 because Brahms thought it was a folk song, not an original work.[6] This was caused because Anton Bruckner copied the instrumentation and form (but not the harmony) of Kéler's Mazzuchelli-Marsch (also called Apollo-Marsch) exactly for his own March in E-flat major.[7] (The Apollo Marsch was later mistaken for a work of Bruckner's).

He was very popular as a composer of orchestral and dance music, and was looked upon as one of the best of writers of violin solos.[5] His overtures and compositions for small orchestra were long popular in the United States and England.[4]

After his death Béla Kéler donated all of his works to the city of Bártfa. After the founding of Sáros Museum in Bártfa in 1903 this collection became part of the permanent exhibition of the museum.

Today, Béla Kéler has his own exhibition screen near the entrance in the City Hall Museum in Bártfa, which is a part of Šariš Museum in Bártfa. It is available to see there his personal correspondence, manuskripts and printed works, portraits and his memorial tablet.[8]

• Works by or about Béla Kéler at Internet Archive
• Free scores by Béla Kéler at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
• Kéler Béla