Amagat

An amagat is a practical unit of number density. Although it can be applied to any substance at any conditions, it is defined as the number of ideal gas molecules per unit volume at 1 atm (= 101.325 kPa) and 0 °C (= 273.15 K).[1] It is named after Émile Amagat, who also has Amagat's law named after him. The abbreviated form of amagat is "amg". The abbreviation "Am" has also been used.[2]

SI Conversion

The amg unit for number density can be converted to the SI unit mol/m³ by the formula:

1\,\mathrm {amg} =44.615\,\mathrm {mol{\cdot }m^{-3}} .

The conversion factor (44.615...) is called "Loschmidt number".

The number density of an ideal gas at pressure p and temperature T can be calculated as[3]

\eta =\left({\frac {p}{p_{0}}}\right)\left({\frac {T_{0}}{T}}\right)\,{\rm {amg}}

,

where T₀ = 273.15 K and p₀ = 101.325 kPa.

Example

Number density of an ideal gas (such as air) at room temperature (20 °C) and 1 atm (101.325 kPa) is

\eta =\left({\frac {1\,{\rm {atm}}}{p_{0}}}\right)\left({\frac {273.15\,{\rm {K}}}{(273.15+20)\,{\rm {K}}}}\right){\rm {amg}}=0.932\,{\rm {amg}}

.

References

Hirschfelder, Joseph O.; Curtiss, Charles F.; Bird, R. Byron (1967), Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids (Corrected printing ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
V. G. Teifel (1976). "Methane and ammonia abundance in the atmosphere of Saturn". Sov. Astron. Lett. 2 (6).
In this formula, absolute units of pressure and temperature, relative to vacuum and absolute zero, must be used.

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[MTGL-1] Hirschfelder, Joseph O.; Curtiss, Charles F.; Bird, R. Byron (1967), Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids (Corrected printing ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

[2] V. G. Teifel (1976). "Methane and ammonia abundance in the atmosphere of Saturn". Sov. Astron. Lett. 2 (6).

[3] In this formula, absolute units of pressure and temperature, relative to vacuum and absolute zero, must be used.