Alfonso Quiñónez Molina

Alfonso was born to Lucio Quiñones and Aurelia Molina. He was married to Leonor Meléndez Ramirez, who was a sister of the presidents Carlos and Jorge Meléndez.[2]

The Melendez-Quinonez dynasty effectively ruled the country from 1914 to 1927. Molina was one of the founders of the Democratic Party of El Salvador. His policies largely served the interests of the coffee oligarchy of the country.

In 1918, Molina established the Lega Rojas, or the Red league,which intended to work as a mediator between the oligarchy and the peasants. It was deemed as the first attempt to form an official party in the country.[3] However, the far-reaching oligarchic control of the prevented the organization from achieving its goal. Later it supported the candidacy of President Jorge Melendez.

After becoming president in 1923, Molina ruled El Salvador like a ruthless dictator,harassing and suppressing any form of opposition.

It was common among Salvadoran presidents to declare an heir during the final days of their terms, as the constitution barred immediate re-election.

Molina handed the presidency to Vice-president Romero. He thought that as Romero did not spring from a rich family, he would be a puppet of Molina. However, Molina's plan backfired,and he,along with other members of the dynasty organized a coup against the new president. But, the coup, which took place in December 1927, ultimately failed.[4]

Molina's decision to borrow money from other countries to pave the roads of San Salvador sparked controversy in the country, and this controversy was exploited by subsequent rulers, like Maximiliano Hernández Martinez.[3]