Abénaquise

Abénaquise (or Abenakise) was a 36-gun ship of the French Navy of the Ancien Régime, designed by René-Nicholas Lavasseur and launched on 8 July 1757.[1][2] She was commanded by captain Gabriel Pellegrin.[3] In 1757 she crossed the Atlantic Ocean in 38 days. This was one of the fastest crossings from Brest to Petite ferme on the La Côte-de-Beaupré with pilot Pellegrin, port captain of Quebec, who was on his forty-second crossing.

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Aurora.
Aurora
History
France
Name: Abénaquise
Builder: Designed by René-Nicholas Lavasseur
Laid down: August 1753
Launched: June 1756 in Quebec[1]
In service: 1756–1757
Captured: 1757
Great Britain
Name: HMS Aurora
Acquired: 23 November 1757
In service: 1758–1763[1]
Fate: Broken up at Plymouth Dockyard, 1763
General characteristics
Class and type: 38-gun fifth rate
Tons burthen: 946​374⁄94 (bm)
Length:
  • 144 ft 0 in (43.89 m) (gundeck)
  • 118 ft 9 in (36.20 m) (keel)
Beam: 38 ft 8.5 in (11.798 m)
Sail plan: Full-rigged ship
Complement: 250
Armament:
  • 38 guns comprising
  • Upper deck: 28 × 12-pounder cannons
  • Lower deck: 8 × 18-pounder cannons
  • Quarterdeck 2 × 6-pounder cannons

Captured by the Royal Navy in 1757, she was renamed HMS Aurora and saw active service in the latter half of the Seven Years' War. She was broken up for timber at Plymouth Dockyard in 1763.

French Navy career 1756–1757

Abénaquise or Abenakise was built in Quebec and launched in 1756.[4]

Royal Navy career 1757–1763

In 1757 she was captured by HMS Chichester and brought into Portsmouth Harbour as a prize ship. On Admiralty's order she was purchased by the Royal Navy on 8 January 1758, for a sum of £6,103.11s for the hull and £425.4s for the masts and internal fittings. She was renamed HMS Aurora on 22 June, and commissioned into the Royal Navy in October 1758 under Captain Samuel Scott.[4] Her 250-man crew comprised four commissioned officers – a captain and three lieutenants – overseeing 49 warrant and petty officers, 117 naval ratings, 44 Marines and 36 servants and other ranks.[5][lower-alpha 1] Among these other ranks were five positions reserved for widow's men – fictitious crew members whose pay was intended to be reallocated to the families of sailors who died at sea.[5]

Aurora's first Royal Navy duties were as a troop transport, ferrying British soldiers from England to Gibraltar ahead of an expected French or Spanish assault. Thereafter, she was sailed for Havre de Grace, Maryland in search of French privateers.[4][6] However there were concerns about her seaworthiness and she was returned to England in 1760 to undergo two successive naval surveys. No repairs were carried out, and instead Aurora was paid off in 1761 and her crew dispersed to other ships.[4]

The vessel was recommissioned in 1762 under Captain Raby Vane and assigned to coastal patrols and cruising in English home waters and off the coast of France. She was again the subject of a naval survey, in December 1762, and was removed from active service in the same month. At the conclusion of the Seven Years' War in 1763, she was disassembled at Plymouth Dockyard and her timbers sold for £152.5s.[4]

Notes
  1. The 29 "servants and other ranks" provided for in the ship's complement were personal servants and clerical staff, assistant carpenters, an assistant sailmaker and five widow's men. Unlike naval ratings, servants and other ranks took no part in the sailing or handling of the ship.[5]

References
  1. Proulx 1984, p. 37
  2. Phillips, Michael. "AURORA". The Age of Nelson. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
  3. Eccles 1972, p.123
  4. Winfield 2007, p. 200
  5. Rodger 1986, pp. 348–351
  6. "Country News". Sussex Advertiser. W. Lee. 8 October 1759. p. 3. Retrieved 27 September 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.

Bibliography
  • W.J. Eccles, France in America, New York, Harper & Row, Publishers, 1972 (présentation en ligne)
  • Proulx, Gilles (1 January 1984). Between France and New France: Life Aboard the Tall Sailing Ships. Dundurn. ISBN 1770700498.
  • Rodger, N. A. M. (1986). The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0870219871.
  • Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships of the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, United Kingdom: Seaforth. ISBN 9781844157006.

Further reading
  • Michel Vergé-Franceschi, Dictionnaire d'Histoire maritime, éditions Robert Laffont, coll. « Bouquins », 2002
  • Étienne Taillemite, Dictionnaire des marins français, Paris, éditions Tallandier, 2002, 573 p. (ISBN 2-84734-008-4)


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