2015 Brasil Open Grand Prix

2015 Brasil Open Grand Prix
Tournament details
Dates	24 – 29 November 2015
Level	Grand Prix
Total prize money	US$50,000
Venue	Riocentro 4
Location	Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Champions
Men's Singles	Lin Dan
Women's Singles	Shen Yaying
Men's Doubles	Huang Kaixiang; Zheng Siwei
Women's Doubles	Chen Qingchen; Jia Yifan
Mixed Doubles	Zheng Siwei; Chen Qingchen
← 2014	2016 →

The 2015 Brasil Open Grand Prix was the nineteenth grand prix's badminton tournament of the 2015 BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. The tournament was held at the Riocentro Pavilion 4 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on November 24–29, 2015 and had a total purse of $50,000.[1] This tournament also serves as the test event for the 2016 Summer Olympics,[2] thus using the Olympic tournament format.

Men's singles

Seeds

Group A

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Lin Dan	2	2	0	4	0	84	42	2
Matej Hlinican	2	1	2	2	2	67	70	1
Igor Ibrahim	2	0	2	0	4	45	84	0


24 November 2015
Lin Dan	2–0	Igor Ibrahim	21–12, 21–5

Matej Hlinican	2–0	Igor Ibrahim	21–16, 21–12
25 November 2015
Lin Dan	2–0	Matej Hlinican	21–9, 21–16

Group B

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Petr Koukal	3	3	0	6	0	126	34	3
Jesus Sanchez	3	2	1	4	3	110	122	2
Thiago Silva Gomes	3	1	2	3	4	117	129	1
Valery Famin	3	0	3	0	6	58	126	0


24 November 2015
Jesus Sanchez	2–0	Valery Famin	21–14, 21–10

Petr Koukal	2–0	Thiago Silva Gomes	21–6, 21–13
Petr Koukal	2–0	Valery Famin	21–6, 21–1

Jesus Sanchez	2–1	Thiago Silva Gomes	18–21, 21–19, 21–16
25 November 2015
Thiago Silva Gomes	2–0	Valery Famin	21–12, 21–15
Petr Koukal	2–0	Jesus Sanchez	21–4, 21–4

Group C

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Misha Zilberman	1	1	0	2	0	42	21	1
Job Castillo	1	0	1	0	2	21	42	0
Daniel Paiola	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dieter Domke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


24 November 2015
Daniel Paiola	2–0	Dieter Domke	20–11 Retired

Misha Zilberman	2–0	Job Castillo	21–16, 21–5
Misha Zilberman	WO	Dieter Domke

Job Castillo	2–0	Daniel Paiola	21–15, 21–10
25 November 2015
Misha Zilberman	WO	Daniel Paiola
Job Castillo	WO	Dieter Domke

Group D

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Zhu Siyuan	3	3	0	6	0	126	78	3
Kestutis Navickas	3	2	1	4	3	141	128	2
Iztok Utrosa	3	1	2	2	5	121	150	1
Bjorn Seguin	3	0	3	2	6	141	173	0


24 November 2015
Iztok Utrosa	2–1	Bjorn Seguin	21–19, 24–26, 23–21

Zhu Siyuan	2–0	Kestutis Navickas	21–19, 21–17
Zhu Siyuan	2–0	Bjorn Seguin	21–7, 21–12

Kestutis Navickas	2–0	Iztok Utrosa	21–19, 21–11
25 November 2015
Kestutis Navickas	2–1	Bjorn Seguin	19–21, 23–21, 21–14
Zhu Siyuan	2–0	Iztok Utrosa	21–11, 21–12

Group E

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Guo Kai	3	3	0	6	2	156	113	3
Milan Ludik	3	2	1	5	3	140	138	2
Lino Munoz	3	1	2	4	4	140	128	1
Francielton Farias	3	0	3	0	6	69	126	0


24 November 2015
Guo Kai	2–1	Lino Munoz	14–21, 21–18, 21–8

Milan Ludik	2–0	Francielton Farias	21–10, 21–19
Guo Kai	2–1	Milan Ludik	16–21, 21–11, 21–12

Lino Munoz	2–0	Francielton Farias	21–12, 21–6
25 November 2015
Guo Kai	2–0	Francielton Farias	21–11, 21–11
Milan Ludik	2–1	Lino Munoz	21–12, 12–21, 21–18

Group F

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Osleni Guerrero	2	2	0	4	1	96	72	2
David Obernosterer	2	1	1	3	2	98	85	1
Jhonathan Wu Zheng	2	0	2	0	4	48	85	0
Lucas da Silva	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


24 November 2015
Osleni Guerrero	2–0	Lucas da Silva	21–5, 21–16

David Obernosterer	2–0	Jhonathan Wu Zheng	21–11, 22–20
Osleni Guerrero	2–0	Jhonathan Wu Zheng	21–15, 21–2

David Obernosterer	2–0	Lucas da Silva	21–9, Retired
25 November 2015
Jhonathan Wu Zheng	WO	Lucas da Silva
Osleni Guerrero	2–1	David Obernosterer	21–16, 12–21, 21–18

Group G

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Artem Pochtarev	2	2	0	4	1	104	90	2
Ygor Coelho de Oliveira	2	1	1	3	3	115	115	1
Jarolim Vicen	2	0	2	1	4	89	103	0
Gareth Henry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


24 November 2015
Ygor Coelho de Oliveira	2–1	Jarolim Vicen	19–21, 21–18, 21–14

Artem Pochtarev	WO	Gareth Henry
Ygor Coelho de Oliveira	WO	Gareth Henry

Artem Pochtarev	2–0	Jarolim Vicen	21–17, 21–19
25 November 2015
Jarolim Vicen	WO	Gareth Henry
Artem Pochtarev	2–1	Ygor Coelho de Oliveira	21–13, 19–21, 22–20

Group H

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Pablo Abian	2	2	0	4	1	102	76	2
Alex Yuwan Tjong	2	1	1	3	2	87	87	1
Arturo Hernandez	2	0	2	0	4	58	84	0


24 November 2015
Pablo Abian	2–0	Arturo Hernandez	21–15, 21–16

Alex Yuwan Tjong	2–0	Arturo Hernandez	21–15, 21–12
25 November 2015
Pablo Abian	2–1	Alex Yuwan Tjong	18–21, 21–16, 21–8

Finals

Round of 16					Quarterfinals					Semifinals					Final

1	Lin Dan	21	21
	Milan Ludik	12	13		1	Lin Dan	21	19	21
	Petr Koukal	21	21			Petr Koukal	12	21	11
	Matej Hlinican	15	4							1	Lin Dan	15	21	21
3	Misha Zilberman	8	16								Zhu Siyuan	21	12	15
	Kestutis Navickas	21	21			Kestutis Navickas	21	6
	Zhu Siyuan	21	21			Zhu Siyuan	23	21
	Job Castillo	9	9												1	Lin Dan	21	21
	Y C de Oliveira	21	16	9											2	Pablo Abian	13	17
	Guo Kai	15	21	21		Guo Kai	21	21
4	David Obernosterer	13	17			Osleni Guerrero	12	9
	Osleni Guerrero	21	21								Guo Kai	22	15
	Alex Yuwan Tjong	17	11							2	Pablo Abian	24	21
	Artem Pochtarev	21	21			Artem Pochtarev	21	8	14
	Jesus Sanchez	10	8		2	Pablo Abian	12	21	21
2	Pablo Abian	21	21

Women's singles

Seeds

Group A

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Li Yun	3	3	0	6	1	142	94	3
Rong Schafer	3	2	1	5	2	144	87	2
Zuzana Pavelkova	3	1	2	2	4	78	115	1
Paloma da Silva	3	0	3	0	6	61	129	0


24 November 2015
Li Yun	2–0	Zuzana Pavelkova	21–5, 21–9

Rong Schafer	2–0	Paloma da Silva	21–4, 21–16
25 November 2015
Li Yun	2–1	Rong Schafer	23–21, 14–21, 21–18

Zuzana Pavelkova	2–0	Paloma da Silva	21–9, 24–22
26 November 2015
Rong Schafer	2–0	Zuzana Pavelkova	21–14, 21–5
Li Yun	2–0	Paloma da Silva	21–13, 21–7

Group B

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Elisabeth Baldauf	3	3	0	6	1	145	78	3
Lohaynny Vicente	3	2	1	5	2	123	102	2
Mariana Ugalde	3	1	2	2	4	97	93	1
Lalita Dahiya	3	0	3	0	6	34	126	0


24 November 2015
Elisabeth Baldauf	2–0	Mariana Ugalde	21–10, 21–19

Lohaynny Vicente	2–0	Lalita Dahiya	21–10, 21–5
25 November 2015
Elisabeth Baldauf	2–0	Lalita Dahiya	21–2, 21–8

Lohaynny Vicente	2–0	Mariana Ugalde	21–9, 21–17
26 November 2015
Elisabeth Baldauf	2–1	Lohaynny Vicente	21–9, 19–21, 21–9
Mariana Ugalde	2–0	Lalita Dahiya	21–7, 21–2

Group C

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Shen Yaying	3	3	0	6	0	126	57	3
Akvile Stapusaityte	3	2	1	4	2	107	93	2
Fabiana Silva	3	1	2	2	5	96	130	1
Haramara Gaitan	3	0	3	1	6	87	136	0


24 November 2015
Shen Yaying	2–0	Fabiana Silva	21–7, 21–9

Akvile Stapusaityte	2–0	Haramara Gaitan	21–14, 21–9
25 November 2015
Akvile Stapusaityte	2–0	Fabiana Silva	21–15, 21–13

Shen Yaying	2–0	Haramara Gaitan	21–8, 21–10
26 November 2015
Fabiana Silva	2–1	Haramara Gaitan	21–11, 10–21, 21–14
Shen Yaying	2–0	Akvile Stapusaityte	21–6, 21–17

Group D

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Kristina Gavnholt	2	2	0	4	0	84	35	2
Sashina Vignes Waran	2	1	1	2	2	69	64	1
Ana Paula Campos	2	0	2	0	4	30	84	0
Damaris Ortiz	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


24 November 2015
Sashina Vignes Waran	2–0	Ana Paula Campos	21–6, 21–16

Kristina Gavnholt	WO	Damaris Ortiz
25 November 2015
Kristina Gavnholt	2–0	Ana Paula Campos	21–5, 21–3

Sashina Vignes Waran	WO	Damaris Ortiz
26 November 2015
Kristina Gavnholt	2–0	Sashina Vignes Waran	21–12, 21–15
Ana Paula Campos	WO	Damaris Ortiz

Finals

Quarterfinals					Semifinals				Final


	Li Yun	17	21	21

1	Rong Schafer	21	16	13
						Li Yun	21	21

						Akvile Stapusaityte	10	8
	Elisabeth Baldauf	18	18

	Akvile Stapusaityte	21	21
										Li Yun	22	17	22

										Shen Yaying	20	21	24
3	Lohaynny Vicente	18	10

	Shen Yaying	21	21
						Shen Yaying	21	21

					2	Kristina Gavnholt	7	15
	Sashina Vignes Waran	15	11

2	Kristina Gavnholt	21	21

Men's doubles

Seeds

Manu Attri / B. Sumeeth Reddy
Wang Yilv / Zhang Wen

Group A

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Manu Attri B. Sumeeth Reddy	1	1	0	2	1	60	57	1
Peter Briggs Tom Wolfenden	1	0	1	1	2	57	60	0
Paulo Lucas Rosa Oliveira Thiago Silva Gomes	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


25 November 2015
Attri / Reddy	2–0	Oliveira / Gomes	21–13, 21–9

Briggs / Wolfenden	WO	Oliveira / Gomes
26 November 2015
Attri / Reddy	2–1	Briggs / Wolfenden	18–21, 21–18, 21–18

Group B

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Huang Kaixiang Zheng Siwei	3	3	0	6	0	126	65	3
Michael Fuchs Johannes Schoettler	3	2	1	4	2	107	84	2
Phillip Chew Sattawat Pongnairat	3	1	2	2	4	96	102	1
Jesus Sanchez Jhonathan Wu Zheng	3	0	3	0	6	48	126	0


25 November 2015
Huang / Zheng	2–0	Chew / Pongnairat	21–18, 21–7

Fuchs / Schoettler	2–0	Sanchez / Wu Zheng	21–7, 21–6

Huang / Zheng	2–0	Fuchs / Schoettler	21–13, 21–10

Chew / Pongnairat	2–0	Sanchez / Wu Zheng	21–7, 21–11
26 November 2015
Fuchs / Schoettler	2–0	Chew / Pongnairat	21–12, 21–17

Huang / Zheng	2–0	Sanchez / Wu Zheng	21–7, 21–10

Group C

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Adrian Liu Derrick Ng	1	1	0	2	0	42	28	1
Job Castillo Lino Muñoz	1	0	1	0	2	28	42	0
Hugo Arthuso Daniel Paiola	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Artem Pochtarev Valery Famin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


25 November 2015
Liu / Ng	2–0	Pochtarev / Famin	21–9, 21–2

Castillo / Muñoz	2–0	Arthuso / Paiola	26–24, 21–14

Liu / Ng	WO	Arthuso / Paiola

Castillo / Muñoz	2–0	Pochtarev / Famin	21–6, Retired
26 November 2015
Liu / Ng	2–0	Castillo / Muñoz	21–16, 21–12

Pochtarev / Famin	WO	Arthuso / Paiola

Group D

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Wang Yilv Zhang Wen	2	2	0	4	0	84	26	2
Mathew Fogarty Bjorn Seguin	2	1	1	2	2	57	71	1
Francielton Farias Igor Ibrahim	2	0	2	0	4	40	84	0


25 November 2015
Wang / Zhang	2–0	Farias / Ibrahim	21–6, 21–5

Fogarty / Seguin	2–0	Farias / Ibrahim	21–17, 21–12
26 November 2015
Wang / Zhang	2–0	Fogarty / Seguin	21–7, 21–8

Finals

Quarterfinals					Semifinals					Final


1	Manu Attri B. Sumeeth Reddy	21	21

	Mathew Fogarty Bjorn Seguin	14	9
					1	Manu Attri B. Sumeeth Reddy	17	14

						Huang Kaixiang Zheng Siwei	21	21
	Huang Kaixiang Zheng Siwei	29	21

	Peter Briggs Tom Wolfenden	27	8
											Huang Kaixiang Zheng Siwei	22	21	21

										2	Wang Yilv Zhang Wen	24	10	14
	Michael Fuchs Johannes Schoettler	21	20	21

	Adrian Liu Derrick Ng	14	22	18
						Michael Fuchs Johannes Schoettler	21	16	16

					2	Wang Yilv Zhang Wen	19	21	21
	Job Castillo Lino Muñoz	11	12

2	Wang Yilv Zhang Wen	21	21

Women's doubles

Seeds

Group A

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Eefje Muskens Selena Piek	3	3	0	6	1	140	110	3
Eva Lee Paula Lynn Obanana	3	2	1	4	2	118	115	2
Isabel Herttrich Birgit Michels	3	1	2	3	4	131	130	1
Lohaynny Vicente Luana Vicente	3	0	3	0	6	92	126	0


24 November 2015
Lee / Obanana	2–0	Herttrich / Michels	22–20, 21–16

Muskens / Piek	2–0	Vicnete / Vicente	21–11, 21–13
25 November 2015
Lee / Obanana	2–0	Vicnete / Vicente	21–19, 21–18

Muskens / Piek	2–1	Herttrich / Michels	14–21, 21–14, 21–18
26 November 2015
Muskens / Piek	2–0	Lee / Obanana	21–14, 21–19

Herttrich / Michels	2–0	Vicnete / Vicente	21–17, 21–14

Group B

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Chen Qingchen Jia Yifan	3	3	0	6	0	126	69	3
Johanna Goliszewski Carla Nelte	3	2	1	4	3	138	112	2
Alex Bruce Phyllis Chan	3	1	2	3	4	113	130	1
Paloma da Silva Fabiana Silva	3	0	3	0	6	60	126	0


24 November 2015
Chen / Jia	2–0	Bruce / Chan	21–11, 21–8

Goliszewski / Nelte	2–0	da Silva / Silva	21–11, 21–7
25 November 2015
Goliszewski / Nelte	2–1	Bruce / Chan	21–11, 20–22, 21–19

Chen / Jia	2–0	da Silva / Silva	21–6, 21–10
26 November 2015
Chen / Jia	2–0	Goliszewski / Nelte	21–17, 21–17

Bruce / Chan	2–0	da Silva / Silva	21–7, 21–19

Finals

Semifinals				Final


1	Eefje Muskens Selena Piek	21	21

	Eva Lee Paula Lynn Obanana	9	15
				1	Eefje Muskens Selena Piek	17	14

					Chen Qingchen Jia Yifan	21	21
2	Johanna Goliszewski Carla Nelte	15	16

	Chen Qingchen Jia Yifan	21	21

Mixed doubles

Seeds

Michael Fuchs / Birgit Michels
Jacco Arends / Selena Piek
Danny Bawa Chrisnanta / Vanessa Neo Yu Yan
Philip Chew / Jamie Subandhi

Group A

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Zhang Wen Jia Yifan	3	3	0	6	1	142	96	3
Michael Fuchs Birgit Michels	3	2	1	4	3	129	111	2
Toby Ng Alex Bruce	3	1	2	4	4	145	138	1
Igor Ibrahim Paloma da Silva	3	0	3	0	6	55	126	0


24 November 2015
Zhang / Jia	2–1	Ng / Bruce	21–19, 16–21, 21–11

Fuchs / Michels	2–0	Ibrahim / da Silva	21–8, 21–9

Zhang / Jia	2–0	Fuchs / Michels	21–14, 21–15

Ng / Bruce	2–0	Ibrahim / da Silva	21–11, 21–11
25 November 2015
Fuchs / Michels	2–1	Ng / Bruce	16–21, 21–14, 21–17

Zhang / Jia	2–0	Ibrahim / da Silva	21–9, 21–7

Group B

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Evgenij Dremin Evgenia Dimova	4	4	0	8	0	168	87	4
Danny Bawa Chrisnanta Vanessa Neo Yu Yan	4	3	1	6	2	154	84	3
Alex Yuwan Tjong Luana Vicente	4	2	2	4	4	130	116	2
Arturo Hernandez Mariana Ugalde	4	1	3	2	6	90	155	1
Dinesh Chaudhry Lalita Dahiya	4	0	4	0	8	68	168	0


24 November 2015
Dremin / Dimova	2–0	Chaudhry / Dahiya	21–9, 21–5

Chrisnanta / Neo	2–0	Hernandez / Ugalde	21–2, 21–9

Tjong / Vicnete	2–0	Hernandez / Ugalde	21–8, 22–13

Chrisnanta / Neo	2–0	Chaudhry / Dahiya	21–9, 21–5
25 November 2015
Dremin / Dimova	2–0	Hernandez / Ugalde	21–9, 21–7

Chrisnanta / Neo	2–0	Tjong / Vicnete	21–5, 21–12

Hernandez / Ugalde	2–0	Chaudhry / Dahiya	21–19, 21–10

Dremin / Dimova	2–0	Tjong / Vicnete	21–13, 21–16
26 November 2015
Dremin / Dimova	2–0	Chrisnanta / Neo	21–9, 21–19

Tjong / Vicnete	2–0	Chaudhry / Dahiya	21–6, 21–5

Group C

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Zheng Siwei Chen Qingchen	3	3	0	6	0	126	62	3
Robin Middleton Leanne Choo	3	2	1	4	2	102	94	2
Phillip Chew Jamie Subandhi	3	1	2	2	5	120	130	1
David Obernosterer Elisabeth Baldauf	3	0	3	1	6	82	144	0
Jhonatan Wu Zheng Damaris Ortiz	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0


24 November 2015
Zheng / Chen	2–0	Obernosterer / Baldauf	21–7, 21–11

Chew / Subandhi	WO	Wu Zheng / Ortiz

Chew / Subandhi	2–1	Obernosterer / Baldauf	21–10, 18–21, 21–15

Middleton / Choo	WO	Wu Zheng / Ortiz
25 November 2015
Middleton / Choo	2–0	Chew / Subandhi	21–16, 21–18

Zheng / Chen	WO	Wu Zheng / Ortiz

Zheng / Chen	2–0	Middleton / Choo	21–7, 21–11

Obernosterer / Baldauf	WO	Wu Zheng / Ortiz
26 November 2015
Zheng / Chen	2–0	Chew / Subandhi	21–14, 21–12

Middleton / Choo	2–0	Obernosterer / Baldauf	21–9, 21–9

Group D

Athlete	Pld	W	L	SW	SL	PF	PA	Pts
Jacco Arends Selena Piek	3	3	0	6	1	149	114	3
Vitalij Durkin Nina Vislova	3	2	1	5	2	133	119	2
Phillipe Charron Phyllis Chan	3	1	2	2	5	125	137	1
Hugo Arthuso Fabiana Silva	3	0	3	1	6	101	138	0


24 November 2015
Arends / Piek	2–0	Arthuso / Silva	21–13, 21–17

Durkin / Vislova	2–0	Arthuso / Silva	21–9, 21–10

Arends / Piek	2–0	Charron / Chan	21–15, 22–20

Durkin / Vislova	2–0	Charron / Chan	21–18, 21–18
25 November 2015
Charron / Chan	2–1	Arthuso / Silva	21–15, 12–21, 21–16

Arends / Piek	2–1	Durkin / Vislova	22–24, 21–11, 21–14

Finals

Quarterfinals					Semifinals					Final


	Zhang Wen Jia Yifan	21	13	21

3	Danny Bawa Chrisnanta Vanessa Neo Yu Yan	15	21	10
						Zhang Wen Jia Yifan	17	18

						Evgenij Dremin Evgenia Dimova	21	21
	Evgenij Dremin Evgenia Dimova	21	21

	Robin Middleton Leanne Choo	10	18
											Evgenij Dremin Evgenia Dimova	12	10

											Zheng Siwei Chen Qingchen	21	21
	Vitalij Durkin Nina Vislova	11	8

	Zheng Siwei Chen Qingchen	21	21
						Zheng Siwei Chen Qingchen	19	21	21

					2	Jacco Arends Selena Piek	21	19	13
1	Michael Fuchs Birgit Michels	12	21	17

2	Jacco Arends Selena Piek	21	17	21

References

"BWF Tournament Calendar" Badminton World Federation
"Rio 2016 releases test event calendar with details of 44 Olympic and Paralympic competitions". Rio 2016 Official Website. Archived from the original on 5 December 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2015.

External links

Yonex Brasil Open 2015 - Draws

Preceded by 2015 Scottish Open Grand Prix	BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold 2015 BWF Season	Succeeded by 2015 Indonesian Masters Grand Prix Gold

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] "BWF Tournament Calendar" Badminton World Federation

[2] "Rio 2016 releases test event calendar with details of 44 Olympic and Paralympic competitions". Rio 2016 Official Website. Archived from the original on 5 December 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2015.