1934 in Australian literature

• Martin Boyd – Scandal of Spring
• Eleanor Dark – Prelude to Christopher
• Arthur Gask
  • The Hidden Door
  • The Judgement of Larose
  • The Poisoned Goblet
• Vance Palmer – The Swain Family
• Alice Grant Rosman – Somebody Must
• Steele Rudd – Grey Green Homestead
• Christina Stead – Seven Poor Men of Sydney
• E. V. Timms – Conflict

• Vance Palmer – Sea and Spinifex
• Henry Handel Richardson – The End of Childhood and Other Stories
• Christina Stead – The Salzburg Tales

• Ruth Bedford – Hundreds and Thousands
• P. L. Travers – Mary Poppins
• Alan J. Villiers – Whalers of the Midnight Sun
• Dorothy Wall
  • Blinky Bill Grows Up
  • The Tale of Bridget and the Bees

• Emily Coungeau – Fern Leaves: Poems and Verse
• Rudyard Kipling – "Ode : Melbourne Shrine of Remembrance, 1934"
• Will Lawson – "The Bunyip"
• Furnley Maurice – Melbourne Odes
• John Shaw Neilson – The Collected Works of John Shaw Neilson
• Patrick White – "The Ploughman"

A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1934 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.

• 17 February – Barry Humphries, actor and writer
• 20 March – David Malouf, novelist and poet
• 6 May – Chris Wallace-Crabbe, poet
• 20 June – Margaret Scott, poet and novelist (died 2005)
• 5 August – James McQueen, novelist (died 1998)
• 17 August – Inga Clendinnen, academic and author

A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1934 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.

• 22 December – Grace Ethel Martyr, poet (born 1888)

• 1934 in poetry
• List of years in literature
• List of years in Australian literature