134 Sophrosyne

134 Sophrosyne
Discovery
Discovered by	Karl Theodor Robert Luther
Discovery date	27 September 1873
Designations
MPC designation	(134) Sophrosyne
Pronunciation	/soʊˈfrɒsɪniː/[1]
Named after	Sophrosyne
Minor planet category	Main belt
Orbital characteristics[2]
	Epoch 31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	138.60 yr (50625 d)
Aphelion	2.86280 AU (428.269 Gm)
Perihelion	2.26311 AU (338.556 Gm)
Semi-major axis	2.56295 AU (383.412 Gm)
Eccentricity	0.11699
Orbital period	4.10 yr (1498.7 d)
Average orbital speed	18.54 km/s
Mean anomaly	229.885°
Mean motion	0° 14m 24.76s / day
Inclination	11.6018°
Longitude of ascending node	345.986°
Argument of perihelion	84.7156°
Earth MOID	1.31034 AU (196.024 Gm)
Jupiter MOID	2.42537 AU (362.830 Gm)
TJupiter	3.396
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	108[2]; 112.188 km[3]
Mass	2.0×1018 kg
Equatorial surface gravity	0.0345 m/s²
Equatorial escape velocity	0.0652 km/s
Rotation period	17.190 h (0.7163 d)[4]
Geometric albedo	0.0364±0.001[2]; 0.0436 ± 0.0122[3]
Temperature	~174 K
Spectral type	C (Tholen)[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)	8.76,[2] 8.770[3]

Sophrosyne (minor planet designation: 134 Sophrosyne) is a large main-belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Robert Luther on September 27, 1873, and was named after the concept of sophrosyne, Plato's term for 'moderation'. Classified as a C-type asteroid, it has an exceedingly dark surface and most probably a primitive carbonaceous composition.

An occultation of a star by 134 Sophrosyne was observed November 24, 1980, in the United States. Timing information from this event allowed a diameter estimate of 110 km to be derived.[5] Photometric observations of the asteroid in 2015 produced a lightcurve indicating a rotation period of 17.190±0.001 h with a variation amplitude of 0.28±0.01 in magnitude. This provided a good match to the only previous determination in 1989.[4]

References

Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
Yeomans, Donald K., "134 Sophrosyne", JPL Small-Body Database Browser, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, retrieved 12 May 2016.
Pravec, P.; et al. (May 2012), "Absolute Magnitudes of Asteroids and a Revision of Asteroid Albedo Estimates from WISE Thermal Observations", Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2012, Proceedings of the conference held May 16–20, 2012 in Niigata, Japan (1667), Bibcode:2012LPICo1667.6089P.
Pilcher, Frederick (October 2015), "Rotation Period Determination for 134 Sophrosyne, 521 Brixia and 873 Mechthild", The Minor Planet Bulletin, 42 (4): 280–281, Bibcode:2015MPBu...42..280P.
Taylor, G. E., "Progress in accurate determinations of diameters of minor planets", Asteroids, comets, meteors; Proceedings of the Meeting, Uppsala, Sweden, June 20–22, 1983, pp. 107–109, Bibcode:1983acm..proc..107T.

External links

134 Sophrosyne at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
134 Sophrosyne at the JPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

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[1] Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language

[JPL-2] Yeomans, Donald K., "134 Sophrosyne", JPL Small-Body Database Browser, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, retrieved 12 May 2016.

[Pravec2012-3] Pravec, P.; et al. (May 2012), "Absolute Magnitudes of Asteroids and a Revision of Asteroid Albedo Estimates from WISE Thermal Observations", Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2012, Proceedings of the conference held May 16–20, 2012 in Niigata, Japan (1667), Bibcode:2012LPICo1667.6089P.

[Pilcher2015-4] Pilcher, Frederick (October 2015), "Rotation Period Determination for 134 Sophrosyne, 521 Brixia and 873 Mechthild", The Minor Planet Bulletin, 42 (4): 280–281, Bibcode:2015MPBu...42..280P.

[Taylor1983-5] Taylor, G. E., "Progress in accurate determinations of diameters of minor planets", Asteroids, comets, meteors; Proceedings of the Meeting, Uppsala, Sweden, June 20–22, 1983, pp. 107–109, Bibcode:1983acm..proc..107T.