Yaña imlâ alphabet

Yaña imlâ
Type
Alphabet with some elements of an abjad
Languages Tatar, Bashkir
Time period
 1920 to 1928
Parent systems
Cover page of Tatar Yana imla book, printed with Separated Arabic script in 1924

Yaña imlâ (Tatar: Яңа имля, pronounced [jʌˈŋɑ imˈlʲæ]; lit. "New orthography") was a modified variant of Arabic script that was in use for the Tatar language between 1920–1927. The orthographical reform modified İske imlâ, abolishing excess Arabic letters, adding letters for short vowels e, ı, ö, o. Some diacritic, that looked like comma was used to designate the vowel harmony. Arguably, Yaña imlâ had as its goal the accommodation of the alphabet to the actual Tatar pronunciation.

There were some projects that were to simplify Yaña imlâ too. The unique separated Arabic was invented (so as to use typewriters). Separated Arabic was even incorporated in the early flag of Tatar ASSR, though it was not in real use.

As early as in 1924 the first projects of Latin script were introduced and in 1928 alphabet was switched to the Latin Yañalif alphabet.

ZamanälifInitialMedialFinalStand-aloneJaꞑalifmodern Cyrillic Tatar alphabetNotes
1 aﯪﺎﺎﯪaа
2 äﺋﻪﻪﻪﺋﻪəә
3 bﺑﺒﺐﺏʙб
4 tﺗﺘﺖﺕtт
5 pﭘﭙﭗﭖpп
6 cﺟﺠﺞﺝçҗ
7 çﭼﭽﭻﭺcч
8 xﺣﺤﺢﺡxх
9 dﺩﺪﺪﺩdд
10 rﺭﺮﺮﺭrр
11 zﺯﺰﺰﺯzз
12 jﮊﮋﮋﮊƶж
13 sﺳﺴﺲﺱsс
14 şﺷﺸﺶﺵşш
15 ğﻋﻌﻊﻉƣг(ъ)alternative Cyrillic transcription: ғ
16 fﻓﻔﻒﻑfф
17 qﻗﻘﻖﻕqк(ъ)alternative Cyrillic transcription: қ
18 kﻛﻜﻚﮎkк
19 gﮔﮕﮓﮒgг
20 ñ–ﯖﯔﯓꞑңInitial form was never used due phonetic reasons
21 lﻟﻠﻞﻝlл
22 mﻣﻤﻢﻡmм
23 nﻧﻨﻦﻥnн
24 wﻭﻮﻮﻭvвalternative Cyrillic transcription: ў
25 i, í, yﻴﺋﻴﻯﻴﺋi, ьj, jи, ый, йﻴﺋ, – for í, ﻴﺋ – for i,
26 u, üﯮﻮﻮﯮu, yу, үﯮ, – for u, ﯮ – for ü
27 o, öﯰﯘﯘﯰo, ɵо, өﯰ, – for o, ﯰ – for ö
28 ı, eﺋﺌئﺋь, eы, еﺋ, – for ı, ﺋ – for e
29 hﻫﻬﻪﻩhһ

See also

Sources

    • (in Tatar) "Arabic alphabet". Tatar Encyclopaedia. Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
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