Wushantou Dam

Wushantou Dam
烏山頭壩
Location Guntian, Tainan, Taiwan
Coordinates 23°12′08″N 120°22′06″E / 23.20222°N 120.36833°E / 23.20222; 120.36833Coordinates: 23°12′08″N 120°22′06″E / 23.20222°N 120.36833°E / 23.20222; 120.36833
Construction began 1920
Opening date 1930
Dam and spillways
Type of dam Rock-fill
Impounds Zengwun River
Height 56 m (184 ft)[1]
Length 1,273 m (4,177 ft)[1]
Dam volume 11,020,928 cubic metres (389,200,400 cu ft)
Spillway type free-flow
Spillway capacity 1,500 m3/s (53,000 cu ft/s)[1]
Reservoir
Creates Wushantou Reservoir
Catchment area 58 km2 (22 sq mi)[1]
Surface area 13 km2 (3,200 acres)[1]
Normal elevation 58.18 m (190.9 ft)[1]
Power Station
Turbines 8.75 + 11.52 MW
Installed capacity 20.27 MW
Annual generation 84 million KWh
Wushantou Reservoir

Wushantou Dam (Chinese: 烏山頭壩; pinyin: Wūshāntóu Bà) is an embankment dam in Guantian District, Tainan, Taiwan. The dam was designed by Yoichi Hatta and built between 1920 and 1930 during Japanese rule to provide irrigation water for the Chianan Plain as part of the Chianan Irrigation system. Because the natural flow of the Guantian River and other local streams was insufficient for irrigation of a planned 100,000 ha (250,000 acres), a tunnel was constructed to divert water from the Zengwun River to fill the reservoir.[2] In 1974, the Zengwun Dam was completed on the Zengwun River shortly above the diversion tunnel, stabilizing and reducing the sediment load of water flowing into Wushantou Reservoir.

The dam consists of a curved embankment 50.5 m (166 ft) high and 1,273 m (4,177 ft) long, containing 5,400,000 m3 (7,100,000 cu yd) of material. The reservoir comprises 9 km2 (2,200 acres) and was designed to store 154,160 dam3 (124,980 acre⋅ft) of water. However, as of 1990 it had been reduced to 83,759 dam3 (67,905 acre⋅ft) due to severe erosion problems upstream.[3] A concrete overflow spillway is located shortly to the south of the dam, providing a maximum outflow of 1,500 m3/s (53,000 cu ft/s). The dam sits at the head of a 58 km2 (22 sq mi) catchment area, which increases to 539 km2 (208 sq mi) when including the portion of the Zengwun River watershed diverted into the reservoir.[4]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Chia-Nan Canal" (in Chinese).
  2. ↑ "Wushantou Reservoir and Jianan Irrigation Waterways". Potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan. Taiwan Bureau of Central Heritage, Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  3. ↑ http://eng.wra.gov.tw/lp.asp?CtNode=2301&CtUnit=621&BaseDSD=7
  4. ↑ Reservoirs and Weirs in Taiwan (in Chinese). Taiwan Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Public Affairs. p. 334.
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