Weiyang Palace
| UNESCO World Heritage site | |
|---|---|
 Historic site of Weiyang Palace | |
| Official name | Site of Weiyang Palace in Chang'an City of the Western Han Dynasty |
| Location | Xi'an, Shaanxi, China |
| Part of | Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor |
| Criteria | Cultural: ii, iii, iv, vi |
| Reference | 1442-001 |
| Inscription | 2014 (38th Session) |
| Area | 611.09 ha (2.3594 sq mi) |
| Buffer zone | 5,422.02 ha (20.9345 sq mi) |
| Coordinates | 34°18′16″N 108°51′26″E / 34.30444°N 108.85722°ECoordinates: 34°18′16″N 108°51′26″E / 34.30444°N 108.85722°E |
  Location of Weiyang Palace in China | |
| Weiyang Palace | |||||||
 Qing Dynasty illustration of Weiyang Palace and Changle Palace | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 未央宫 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 未央宮 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | The Endless Palace | ||||||
| |||||||
Weiyang Palace (Chinese: 未央宮) was the main imperial palace complex of Han Dynasty and many other dynasties, located in the city of Chang'an (modern-day Xi'an). Built in 200 BC at the request of Han Gaozu, under the supervision of his prime minister Xiao He, it served as the administrative centre and imperial residence of the Western Han Dynasty, as well as the Western Jin dynasty and several other regimes during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
The palace survived until the Tang dynasty when it was burnt down by marauding invaders en route to Tang Chang'an. This was the largest palace ever built on Earth, covering 4.8 km² (1,200 acres), which is 6.7 times the size of the current Forbidden City, or 11 times the size of the Vatican City.[1]
Today it is located in an open field and little remains of the former palace.
Name
"Weiyang" (未央) literally means "(something) hasn't reached its midpoint", "has more than a half to go", but colloquially it's translated as "endless", which is probably what the name is actually alluding to. Together with the name of Changle Palace (長樂宮, perpetual happiness), which was built 2 years before, it can be interpreted to mean, "The perpetual happiness hasn't reached its midpoint yet."
Description
Weiyang palace was sited to the southwest of Han Dynasty Chang'an and is therefore also called the Western Palace (西宫). Surrounded by walls, the palace complex was rectangular, with a length of 2,150 metres east-west and 2,250 metres north-south. Each side of the walls had a single main gate, with the eastern and northern gates (facing Chang'an city) built with gate towers.
Major architectures within the palace include:
- Front Hall (前殿)
- Xuanshi Hall (宣室殿)
- Wenshi Hall (温室殿)
- Qingliang Hall (清凉殿)
- Jinhua Hall (金华殿)
- Chengming Hall (承明殿)
- Gaomen Hall (高门殿)
- Baihu Hall (白虎殿)
- Yutang Hall (玉堂殿)
- Xuande Hall (宣德殿)
- Jiaofang Hall (椒房殿)
- Zhaoyang Hall (昭阳殿)
- Bailiang Platform (柏梁台)
- Qilin Pavilion (麒麟阁)
- Tianlu Pavilion (天禄阁)
- Shiqu Pavilion (石渠阁)