Vyshnivets

Vyshnivets
Вишнівець
Urban-type settlement

Coat of arms
Vyshnivets
Location of Vyshnivets
Vyshnivets
Vyshnivets (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 49°54′00″N 25°44′00″E / 49.90000°N 25.73333°E / 49.90000; 25.73333Coordinates: 49°54′00″N 25°44′00″E / 49.90000°N 25.73333°E / 49.90000; 25.73333
Country  Ukraine
Oblast  Ternopil Oblast
Raion Zbarazh Raion
First mentioned 1395
Town status 1960
Area
 • Total 6 km2 (2 sq mi)
Population (1994)
 • Total 3,469
 • Density 555/km2 (1,440/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code 47313
Area code(s) +380
Website gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=10.03.2007&rf7571=30897

Vyshnivets (Ukrainian: Вишнівець, translit. Vyshnivets’; Polish: Wiśniowiec) is an urban-type settlement in the Zbarazh Raion (district) of the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

Vyshnivets is better known as a family estate of the Polish royal house of Wiśniowiecki (originally Ruthenian princes), which is known for switching from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism (as part of Polonization) as well as a pro-Muscovite Cossack Hetman Dmytro "Baida" Vyshnevetsky.

History

Early History, to 1939

The area was first mentioned in 1395 soon after annexation of the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia by the Kingdom of Poland when the first defensive castle was constructed in the area by Dmytro Korybut who had acquired the land from Great Prince Vitautas[1]

The town is located on the Horyn River, a right tributary of the Prypiat. Before World War II the village was located in Poland.

The town served as a family seat of the Polish princely Wiśniowiecki family, as of the 15th century, and received its name from the family. The town was noted for its extensive cherry orchards.[2] In the mid-1500s, one of the family's descendants, Dmytro Vyshnevetsky (1516-1563), was distinguished by his service to Ivan the Terrible. His grandson, Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, also known as Yarema Vyshnevetsky (1612-1651) was also a distinguished military commander. During the time of the leadership of Princes Michael and Valusah Wiśniowiecki, as of 1674, the town was on the verge of becoming a Russian capital.[2]

Architectural landmarks in the town include a 15th-century castle; and palace and park, constructed in the 18th century by the Vyshnevetskyi family.

1939-1945

The town is historically associated with the Holocaust. Prior to the commencement of World War II, approximately 5,000 persons of Jewish faith were residents of the town.[2] The town was directly in the path of the German invasion of Russia in June 1941, following the repudiation by Germany of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact.[2]

On August 11–12, 1942, German troops and Ukrainian Auxiliary Police executed nearly 2,700 Jewish men, women and children. Of those executed, approximately 900 were children.[3] It is estimated that less than 100 of the town residents of Jewish faith ultimately survived the Holocaust.[2]

Post-1945

In 1960, Vyshnivets was changed from the status of a village, to that of an Urban-type settlement. The population of the town was 3,469 as of 1994.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Uncredited, Vyshnivets; baltia.com. Retrieved 2016-09-09.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Louis Parnes, The Vanishing Generations (1954), as extracted by Arlene Parnes,Vishnevets. JewishGen, KehilaLinks. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
  3. ↑ Martin Dean, German Ghettoization in Occupied Ukraine: Regional Patterns and Sources. Paper presented at The Holocaust in Ukraine: New Sources and Perspectives. Centre for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2013. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
  • ShtetLinks - Vishnevets at JewishGen
  • "Urban-type settlement of Vyshnivets". Verkhovna Rada (in Ukrainian). Retrieved March 30, 2007.
  • "Vyshnivets". Castles.com (in Ukrainian). Retrieved March 30, 2007.
  • "Vyshnivets: Truth and myths of the kniaz Vyshnevetsky family". Den (Day) (in Ukrainian). September 30, 2005. Retrieved March 30, 2007.
  • "Vyshnivets". Ternopilska Torhovo-Promyslova Palata (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on March 10, 2007. Retrieved March 30, 2007.
  • Klymenko, Serhiy. "Photo excursion around Vyshnovets". klymenko.data-tec.net (in Ukrainian). Retrieved March 30, 2007.
  • Vlasenko, Petro. "Vyshnivets, Ternopilska Oblast". ua.vlasenko.net (in Russian). Retrieved March 30, 2007.
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