Ulpia (gens)
in the Glyptothek, Munich
The gens Ulpia was a Roman family that rose to prominence during the first century AD. The gens is best known from the emperor Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, who reigned from AD 98 to 117. The Thirtieth Legion took its name, Ulpia, in his honor.[1]
Origin
The ancestors of the Ulpii were Roman colonists in Hispania. Little is known of them except that they were connected with a family of the Aelii, who had also settled in Hispania; Trajan's aunt was the grandmother of the emperor Hadrian.[2][3][4] According to one account, the Ulpii were originally from Tuder, in southern Umbria, where indeed there is evidence of a family of this name. The name itself may be derived from an Umbrian cognate of the Latin word lupus, meaning "wolf."[5] Also cfr. with "vulpes", the Latin term for "fox".
Members
- This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.
- Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, father of the emperor Trajan, was consul suffectus in AD 72.[lower-roman 1][6][7][4]
- Ulpia, the aunt of Trajan, married Aelius Marullinus, and was the grandmother of the emperor Hadrian.[4]
- Marcus Ulpius M. f. Trajanus, consul in AD 91; he was subsequently adopted by the emperor Nerva, and was himself emperor from AD 98 to 117.[8][9][10]
- Ulpia M. f. Marciana, the sister of Trajan, married Gaius Salonius Matidius Patruinus.[4]
- Ulpius Marcellus, a jurist during the reigns of Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius.
- Ulpius Marcellus, perhaps a son of the jurist, governor of Britannia during the reign of Commodus.
- Ulpius Marcellus, probably the same person as the governor of Britannia, although uncertainties of chronology have led some scholars to believe he had a son of the same name.
- Ulpius Julianus, praetorian prefect under the emperor Macrinus, he was sent to put down the rebellion of Elagabalus, but was slain by his own troops, in AD 218.[11][12][13]
- Marcus Ulpius Leurus, a native of Hypata, and consul suffectus during later second century.[14]
- Ulpia Gordiana, mother of the emperor Gordian I, according to the Augustan History.[15]
- Marcus Ulpius Eubiotus Leurus, son of the consul Leurus, was consul suffectus in an uncertain year around AD 230.[16]
- Marcus Ulpius M. f. Flavius Tisamenus, elder son of the consul Eubiotus Leurus.[17]
- Marcus Ulpius M. f. Pupienus Maximus, younger son of the consul Eubiotus Leurus.[17]
- Ulpius Crinitus, a general in the army of Valerian, and consul suffectus in AD 257, he adopted Lucius Domitius Aurelianus, emperor from AD 270 to 275.[18]
- Ulpia Severina, wife of the emperor Aurelian, she may have been the natural daughter of Ulpius Crinitus.
- Gaius Ulpius Cornelius Laelianus, one of the "Thirty Tyrants", he rebelled against Postumus and proclaimed himself emperor in AD 269, during the reign of Gallienus, but was slain at Moguntiacum about two months later.[19][20][21][22]
- Marcus Ulpius Pupienus Silvanus, a senator mentioned in an inscription from Surrentum in Campania, dating between the late third and mid-fourth century; from his name perhaps a descendant of the consul Marcus Ulpius Leurus.[23]
Footnotes
- ↑ The latest revision of the Fasti Ostienses, by Ladislav Vidman, places his consulship in AD 72, rather than 70, as supposed by Gallivan.
See also
References
- ↑ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, pp. 1166–1169 ("Marcus Ulpius Trajanus").
- ↑ Cassius Dio, lxviii. 4, lxix. 1, 3.
- ↑ Aelius Spartianus, "The Life of Hadrian", 1.
- 1 2 3 4 Syme, Tacitus, p. 792 ff.
- ↑ Bennett, Trajan: Optimus Princeps, p. 1.
- ↑ Fasti Ostienses, CIL XIV, 244.
- ↑ Gallivan, "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96", pp. 187, 196, 213.
- ↑ Pliny the Younger, Panegyricus Trajani, passim.
- ↑ Cassius Dio, lxviii.
- ↑ Tillemont, Histoire des Empereurs, vol. II, pp. 150–223 ("L'Empereur Trajan").
- ↑ Cassius Dio, lxxviii. 4, 15.
- ↑ Herodian, v. 4. § 5.
- ↑ Julius Capitolinus, "The Life of Macrinus", 10.
- ↑ Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 172.
- ↑ Julius Capitolinus, "The Three Gordians", 2.
- ↑ Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 194.
- 1 2 Oliver, "The Sacred Gerusia", pp. 130, 131.
- ↑ Flavius Vopiscus, "The Life of Aurelian", 10–15.
- ↑ Trebellius Pollio, "The Thirty Tyrants", 5.
- ↑ Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus, 33, Epitome de Caesaribus, 32.
- ↑ Eutropius, ix. 7.
- ↑ Eckhel, Doctrina Numorum Veterum, vol. vii. pp. 448–450.
- ↑ CIL X, 682.
Bibliography
- Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (Pliny the Younger), Panegyricus Trajani (Panegyric on Trajan).
- Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (Cassius Dio), Roman History.
- Herodianus, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus.
- Aelius Lampridius, Aelius Spartianus, Flavius Vopiscus, Julius Capitolinus, Trebellius Pollio, and Vulcatius Gallicanus, Historia Augusta (Augustan History).
- Eutropius, Breviarium Historiae Romanae (Abridgement of the History of Rome).
- Sextus Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus (On the Caesars), Epitome de Caesaribus (attributed).
- Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, Histoire des Empereurs et des Autres Princes qui ont Régné Durant les Six Premiers Siècles de l’Église (History of the Emperors and Other Princes who Ruled During the First Six Centuries of the Church), Chez Rollin Fils, Paris (1690-1697, 1701, 1738).
- Joseph Hilarius Eckhel, Doctrina Numorum Veterum (The Study of Ancient Coins, 1792–1798).
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
- James H. Oliver, "The Sacred Gerusia", in Hesperia Supplements, No. 6 (1941).
- Ronald Syme, Tacitus, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1958).
- Paul A. Gallivan, "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96", in Classical Quarterly, vol. 31, pp. 186–220 (1981).
- Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander, J.C. Gieben, Amsterdam (1989).
- Julian Bennett, Trajan: Optimus Princeps, Routledge, (1997).
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