Ujazd, Zgorzelec

Ujazd
District of Zgorzelec
Ujazd
Coordinates: 51°8′N 15°1′E / 51.133°N 15.017°E / 51.133; 15.017
Country Poland Poland
Voivodeship Lower Silesia
County Zgorzelec County
City Zgorzelec

Ujazd [ˈujast] (German: Moys, Upper Sorbian: Mojiš[1]) is a district in the town of Zgorzelec, in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship of Poland. The district is located at the German-Polish border, and it straddles the river Czerwona Woda (German: Rothwasser), a tributary of Lusatian Neisse, which defines the state border.

History

The earliest mention of Moys dates back to 1309. It was the location of the historic battle of Moys on 7 September 1757.

The city council of Görlitz, then a prosperous city and member of the Lusatian League, had acquired Moys in 1380 from John of Görlitz. The city council had to give up Moys in 1547 as a punishment imposed by Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor; but none of his feudal lords expressed interest in purchasing Moys, and so in 1549 it was granted back to the city of Görlitz. After the Thirty Years' War brought the city into financial straits, the city council had to sell Moys in 1655 for 11,270 thalers.[2] It wasn't until 1 July 1929 that Moys was incorporated back into the city.

At the 1815 Congress of Vienna, Lusatia was divided, and its northeastern part including Görlitz and Moys was awarded to the Kingdom of Prussia, which since 1871 became part of the German Reich.

The Berlin–Wrocław railway, which ran past Moys and opened on 1 September 1847, sped up the development of the suburb. The second line, Silesian Mountain Railway, opened in 1865 and connected Görlitz to Hirschberg (nowadays Jelenia Góra), with the railway junction constructed just north of Moys. This junction was then upgraded to a passenger station (Moys bei Görlitz) which opened in 1876. The urbanisation of Moys was recognised on 18 May 1900 by connecting it to the Görlitz tram network. By the time Moys was incorporated into the city of Görlitz in 1929, it had 2752 inhabitants and covered 784 ha.[3]

In 1939, the Hitler Youth camp in Moys was converted into a prisoner-of-war camp named Stalag VIII-A. The stalag covered about 30 ha.[4] and housed about 15,000 Polish prisoners.

On 7 May 1945, the last day of World War II, Wehrmacht destroyed all bridges over Lusatian Neisse, severing Moys from the rest of Görlitz. Since then, Görlitz trams service across the river Neisse hasn't been reinstated.

After the end of World War II, Görlitz was divided along Neisse between GDR and Poland. The eastern (Polish) side of the city, including Moys, was at this point renamed into Zgorzelec, and Moys, renamed into Ujazd, became part of the Polish town.

References

  1. ↑ Wiktor Wenzel (2014), Der Slawengau Besunzane im Licht der Ortsnamen
  2. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Fiedler (2012). Ein Spaziergang durch das alte Görlitz-Moys (1. ed.). Görlitz: Senfkorn-Verlag. p. 6 f.
  3. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Fiedler (2012). Ein Spaziergang durch das alte Görlitz-Moys. Görlitz: Senfkorn-Verlag. p. 22.
  4. ↑ "About Stalag VIIIA, Meeting Point Music Messaien". Retrieved 11 Nov 2017.
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