Tribofilm

Tribofilms, sometimes referred to as boundary lubricant films[1], boundary lubricating films[2], tribo-boundary films[3] or boundary films[4], are films that form on tribologically stressed surfaces. While there exists no universal definition of the term, it is mostly used to refer to solid surface films that result from a chemical reaction of lubricant components and/or tribological surfaces.

Tribofilms play an important role in reducing friction and wear in lubricated systems. They form as a result of complex mechanochemical interactions between surface materials and lubricants,[5] and the study of tribofilm formation processes is a major field of tribology.

Definition

Generally speaking, a tribofilm is any film that forms in a tribosystem "as a result of interaction between chemical components of the [lubricant] with the lubricated surface".[6] The term is mostly used to describe strongly bound films that are formed on tribologically stressed surfaces, such as tribochemical reaction films[1] (for example produced by ZDDP-containing lubricants[7][8]) or polymeric and non-sacrificial reaction films (for example formed by complex esters).[1]

While the definition of the term is flexible, it is usually contrasted to weakly bound surface films that may form due to ionic interactions or lubricant adsorption.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Kapsa, Ph.; Martin, J.M. "Boundary lubricant films: a review". Tribology International. 15 (1): 37–42. doi:10.1016/0301-679x(82)90110-4.
  2. ↑ Hsu, S.M.; Gates, R.S. "Boundary lubricating films: formation and lubrication mechanism". Tribology International. 38 (3): 305–312. doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2004.08.021.
  3. ↑ Qu, Jun; Chi, Miaofang; Meyer, Harry M.; Blau, Peter J.; Dai, Sheng; Luo, Huimin (2011-08-01). "Nanostructure and Composition of Tribo-Boundary Films Formed in Ionic Liquid Lubrication". Tribology Letters. 43 (2): 205–211. doi:10.1007/s11249-011-9800-z. ISSN 1023-8883.
  4. ↑ Nyberg, Erik; Mouzon, Johanne; Grahn, Mattias; Minami, Ichiro (2017-04-26). "Formation of Boundary Film from Ionic Liquids Enhanced by Additives". Applied Sciences. 7 (5): 433. doi:10.3390/app7050433.
  5. ↑ Biswas, S.K. "Some mechanisms of tribofilm formation in metal/metal and ceramic/metal sliding interactions". Wear. 245 (1–2): 178–189. doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(00)00477-4.
  6. ↑ Morina, Ardian; Neville, Anne. "Tribofilms: aspects of formation, stability and removal". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 40 (18): 5476–5487. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/40/18/s08.
  7. ↑ Shimizu, Yasunori; Spikes, Hugh A. (2016-12-01). "The Tribofilm Formation of ZDDP Under Reciprocating Pure Sliding Conditions". Tribology Letters. 64 (3): 46. doi:10.1007/s11249-016-0776-6. ISSN 1023-8883.
  8. ↑ Gosvami, N. N.; Bares, J. A.; Mangolini, F.; Konicek, A. R.; Yablon, D. G.; Carpick, R. W. (2015-04-03). "Mechanisms of antiwear tribofilm growth revealed in situ by single-asperity sliding contacts". Science. 348 (6230): 102–106. doi:10.1126/science.1258788. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25765069.
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