Trevor Sidney Wade

Trevor Sidney Wade
(Right to left) Pilot Officer Trevor Wade, Flight Lieutenant Robert Holland, Mrs Josephine Wade. September 1941 Biggin Hill
Nickname(s) Wimpy
Born (1920-01-27)27 January 1920
Wandsworth, London
Died 3 April 1951(1951-04-03) (aged 31)
Ringmer, Sussex
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch Royal Air Force
Rank Squadron Leader
Service number 78984
Battles/wars

Second World War

Awards Distinguished Flying Cross
Air Force Cross
Other work Test pilot

Sqn Ldr Trevor Sidney "Wimpy" Wade, DFC, AFC (27 January 1920 – 3 April 1951) was a Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter ace, one of The Few and later a test pilot. He was killed test flying the Hawker P.1081 prototype fighter.[1]

Early life

Wade was born on 27 January 1920 in Wandsworth, London. He was educated at Yardley Court and Tonbridge School.[1][2] In April 1938, aged 18, he joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve as an Airman u/t (under training) and learned to fly at No. 19 Elementary and Reserve Flying Training School, Gatwick. He was called to full-time service at the outbreak of war and was commissioned as a Pilot Officer (on probation) on 30 April 1940.[1][2][3]

Fighter pilot

A month later Wade was posted to No. 92 Squadron, part of No. 10 Group RAF and then based at Croydon Airport. On his first day (26 May) he borrowed Tony Bartley's Spitfire to get more flying hours on type, performing a low level roll immediately after take off. His nickname "Wimpy" was borrowed from the American cartoon character of Popeye fame.[2]

In June the squadron was moved to RAF Pembrey. On 28 July Wade was flying a night patrol over Swansea Bay. As his fuel ran low, with deteriorating visibility and a failed radio he elected to bail out over Exeter. On 19 August he was in action for the first time. He shared the destruction of a Ju88 but was hit by return fire. As a result he had to make a forced landing, managing to escape before his aircraft ignited.[4]

Wade was engaged in more combat in September, claiming a half share in a Do17 on 10 September, a He111 on 11 September, a probable Bf109E on 15 September, damage to Bf109Es on 18 September and 20 September, with the destruction of a Do17 on 22 September. [5]. On the 27 September he was hit by return fire and had to force land at Lewes, his aircraft flipping over.[5]

Wade's luck held out during the final phase of the Battle of Britain. On 12 October he claimed one Bf109E destroyed, one probable and one damaged. On 26 October he claimed one Bf109 probable, on 29 October a Bf110 probable and on 26 November a Do17 probable.[5][6] On 2 December Wade was engaged in combat, he claimed one Bf109E but yet again was hit by return fire forcing him to land at Gravesend.[6]

In June 1941 his combat tour was over and he was sent to join No. 123 Squadron at RAF Turnhouse,[7] which at that time was assigned operational training duties.. While there, he received notification that he had been awarded a Distinguished Flying Cross for his efforts during the first part of the war and achieving seven confirmed victories.[1] The citation, published in the London Gazette on 15 July 1941, read:

This officer has displayed great skill and determination in his numerous engagements against the enemy and has destroyed at least six of their aircraft. His efforts have contributed materially to the success achieved by the squadron.[8]

In September 1941 he was promoted to Flight Commander for what would be a short tour with No 602 Squadron, because during a raid on the Marquise Shell factory, on the 17th September, he received a wound which ended his career as a combat pilot. [9]

After he had recovered in October 1941, he was sent to the Central Flying School on an instructors course. Following this, he became a pilot-gunnery instructor; first at the Central Gunnery School; then at 9 Group's head quarters, responsible for gunnery instruction at fighter OTUs.[10][9] He was promoted to Squadron Leader (temporary) on 30th October 1942 [11] and in late 1943 he was made the Officer Commanding at the Air Fighting Development Unit (AFDU).[9] For his service at the AFDU he was awarded the AFC in September 1944 [12] Early in 1945 he was sent to USA to test captured Japanese aircraft and also to gain experience of early jets [9]

Test pilot

Wade was demobilised in 1946 and joined the staff of The Aeroplane magazine, testing and reporting on new civil light aeroplanes. Within a year (October 1947) he had joined Hawker Aircraft as an assistant to the Chief Test Pilot Bill Humble. He was initially tasked with the production testing of Furies and Sea Furies, but also assisted with the development flying of the N.7/46 (P.1040). When Humble became a sales manager in June 1948, Wade became Chief Test Pilot and focussed on the development flying of the latest Hawker jets.[13][14][15] In August 1948 Wade made the first public demonstration of the P.1040, flying it from Langley Airfield (Hawker's flight test centre).[16] Later in that month he competed in the 1948 S.B.A.C. air race at Lympne , flying a Hawker Fury.[17]

Hawker's first swept wing jet was the P.1052; Wade made the maiden flight of the first of the two prototypes (VX272) on 19 November 1948.[18] On 13 May 1949,[Note 1] he set up a new record for the London-Paris flight, flying 221 miles in 21min 28s, an average speed of 618 mph.[19] In August 1949 he won the S.B.A.C. Challenge Cup race in the P.1040 (competing against John Cunningham in a D.H Vampire F3 and John Derry in the D.H.108). He averaged 510 m.p.h over the course, with one lap at 584 m.p.h.[20] thereby gaining the Geoffrey de Havilland Trophy for the fastest racing time of the year.

The rear fuselage of the second P.1052 prototype (VX279) was rebuilt to use a straight-through jet pipe and a swept tailplane. Thus modified it was re-designated as P.1081. On 19 June 1950 Wade flew the P.1081 on its maiden flight from RAE Farnborough. He was satisfied with its behaviour and put in approximately six hours flying over the following three days prior to flying it to the Antwerp international air display, successfully demonstrating it on 25 June.[21] Testing VX279 was not without incident, during one test flight in 1950, a main wheel failed to lower but Wade managed to land the aircraft without serious consequences.[22] Wade surpassed his performance at Antwerp at the S.B.A.C. Display in September 1950, when he demonstrated its high roll rate and speed in level flight.[21]

In January 1951 Wade was the first of a group of British test pilots to go to the United States on an exchange scheme.[23] The prototype Hawker P.1081 was transferred from Hawkers to RAE Farnborough for high speed research. On the 3 April 1951 Wade was testing it when the aircraft entered an unrecoverable flight regime. It has been suggested that he was attempting a transonic dive and had inadvertently gone supersonic.[24][25] Wade elected to eject, jettisoning the canopy at 9000 ft and ejecting at 2000 ft. While the ejection was successful, he failed to separate from the seat and was killed on impact with the ground.[26][Note 2]

Personal life

Trevor Wade married Josephine Clow Gibbins on the 2 August 1940 at Oxted, with many of his 92 Squadron colleagues attending the service and the reception, which was held at the White Heart in Brasted, Surrey.[27] Trevor and Josephine had three children:[1] two sons and a daughter.

Notes

  1. ↑ The same day as the first flight of the Canberra prototype
  2. ↑ the reason for the crash and the seat failure was not determined at the time or subsequently. Wade's death resulted in Percy ('Laddie') Lucas, MP for Brentford and Chiswick, questioning the Minister of Supply on the 30 April 1951 about the types of ejector seat fitted to British aircraft, how they were tested and the insurance of British test pilots. While at the time the RAF used Martin Baker ejection seats, the Hawker P.1081 was fitted with an ML seat.

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Sqn. Ldr. T.S. Wade – Chief Test Pilot of Hawkers". Obituaries. The Times (51966). London. 4 April 1951. col D, p. 6.
  2. 1 2 3 Franks (2015), p. 259.
  3. ↑ The London Gazette (1940), p. 3192.
  4. ↑ Franks (2015), p. 260.
  5. 1 2 3 Shores (1994), p. 611.
  6. 1 2 Franks (2015), pp. 260-262.
  7. ↑ Franks (2015), p. 261-263.
  8. ↑ "No. 35219". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 July 1941. p. 4064.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Franks (2015), p. 263-265.
  10. ↑
    • "The Airmen's Stories - P/O T S Wade". The Battle of Britain London Monument. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
  11. ↑ London Gazette & 20 November1942, p. 5037.
  12. ↑ London Gazette (1944), p. XXXX.
  13. ↑ Franks (2015), p. 264-266.
  14. ↑ Flight & 23 October 1947, p. 462.
  15. ↑ Flight & 24 June 1948, p. 681.
  16. ↑ Flight & 2 September 1948, p. 257.
  17. ↑ Flgith & 26 August 1948, p. 249.
  18. ↑ Flight & 9 February 1950, p. 189.
  19. ↑ Flight & 19 May 1949, p. 579.
  20. ↑ Flight & 4 August 1948, p. 134.
  21. 1 2 Flight & 13 April 1951, p. 433.
  22. ↑ Flight & 10 August 1950.
  23. ↑ Flight & February 1951, p. 121.
  24. ↑ Mclelland (2017).
  25. ↑ Griffin (2006), p. 36.
  26. ↑ Flight & 11 May 1951, p. 547.
  27. ↑ Franks (2015), p. 262-263.

Sources

  • "Sqn. Ldr. T.S. Wade – Chief Test Pilot of Hawkers". Obituaries. The Times (51966). London. 4 April 1951. col D, p. 6.
  • "NEW HAWKER TEST PILOT". Flight: 462. 23 October 1947.
  • "Hawker Appointment". Flight: 681. 24 June 1948.
  • "THE LYMPNE RACES". Flight: 249. 26 August 1948.
  • "A HAWKER OCCASION". Flight: 257. 2 September 1948.
  • "1052 and all that". Flight: 579. 19 May 1949.
  • "The National Air Races". Flight: 134. 4 August 1949.
  • "P.1052 Details of the Hawker Swept-wing Experimental Fighter for High-speed Research". Flight: 189. 9 February 1950.
  • "Beyond the Call of Duty". Flight: 161. 10 August 1950.
  • "Pooling experience". Flight: 62. 18 January 1951.
  • "Off to the states". Flight: 121. 1 February 1951.
  • "TREVOR WADE Death of a Young and Brilliant Test Pilot". Flight: 433. 13 April 1951.
  • "Inquest on S/L T./S. Wade". Flight: 547. 11 May 1951.
  • "No. 34859". The London Gazette. 28 May 1940. p. 3192.
  • "No. 35219". The London Gazette. 15 July 1941. p. 4064.
  • "No. 35335". The London Gazette. 4 November 1941. p. 6377.
  • "No. 35541". The London Gazette. 28 April 1942. p. 1863.
  • "No. 35791". The London Gazette. 17 November 1942. p. 5037.
  • "No. 36682". The London Gazette. 29 August 1944. p. 4075.
  • Shores, Christopher; Williams, Clive (1994). Aces High. London: Grub Street,. ISBN 1-898697-00-0.
  • Franks, Norman (2015). Dowding's Eagles: Accounts of Twenty-Five Battle of Britain Veterans. Pen and Sword,. ISBN 9781473844209.
  • Griffin, David, J. (2006). Hawker Hunter 1951 to 2007. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1430305934.
  • McLelland, Tim (2017). Britain's Cold War Fighters. Fonthill Media. ISBN 978-1781556306.
  • "The Airmen's Stories - P/O T S Wade". The Battle of Britain London Monument. Retrieved 27 May 2018.

See also

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