Rolls-Royce Trent XWB

Trent XWB
A Trent XWB on a Qatar Airways Airbus A350-900
Type Turbofan
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Rolls-Royce Holdings
First run 14 June 2010[1]
Major applications Airbus A350 XWB
Program cost US$12 billion[2]
Unit cost ~ $35 million (List Price)[3]
Developed from Rolls-Royce Trent 1000

The Rolls-Royce Trent XWB is a British series of turbofan jet engines developed from the Rolls-Royce Trent 1000, exclusively powering the Airbus A350 XWB.[4]

Development

By 2004 Airbus had been facing pressure from customers to develop a competitor to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, then in October 2005 formally launched a new aircraft designated the Airbus A350. Rolls-Royce initially offered a conventional bleed air engine variant of the Trent 1000 with a throttle-push to 75,000 lbf (330 kN) static thrust, the Trent 1700.[5] It would have been developed in partnership with Kawasaki Heavy Industries.

In 2006, after a review of the Airbus A350, Rolls-Royce reached an agreement to supply all versions of the aircraft with a brand-new Trent XWB variant with 75,000 to 95,000 lbf (330 to 420 kN) of thrust.[6] By September 2007 Airbus had revised their requirements down to 75,000–93,000 lbf (330–410 kN)[lower-alpha 1].

In the December 2008 design freeze, as the A350 weight empty is 2.2t greater than the 113.5t target, its MTOW was increased by 3t to maintain the payload/range capability, then in 2009 the Trent XWB thrust was increased by 1,000lb (4.5kN) to 84,000 lbf (374 kN) for the -900 and 93,000 lbf (414 kN) for the -1000 with a "very marginal" impact on fuel burn, the second thrust adjustment since thrust was raised by 1,000 to 4,000 lbf (4.4 to 17.8 kN) in 2007.[7]

This was then revised again in 2011, and the engines for the largest A350 have been uprated to 97,000 lbf (430 kN) to meet new performance requirements, and better compete with the Boeing 777-300ER.[8]

Testing

The first engine test on a static test-bed was made on 14 June 2010.[9] On 18 February 2012, Airbus announced that the Trent XWB had successfully made its maiden flight aboard Airbus’ dedicated Airbus A380 flying test bed.[10] Certification for the early engine variants was achieved in 2013.[11] The first engine was expected to enter service in 2014.[12] The first flight of the Trent XWB powering the Airbus A350 XWB took place on 14 June 2013.[13]

On 15 May 2014 Rolls-Royce delivered the first production 84,000 lbf (370 kN) thrust Trent XWB engines intended for the first Airbus A350 XWB to enter service with Qatar Airways.[14] Final assembly of these production engines had started in February 2014.[15] On 15 July 2014 Rolls-Royce announced the first run of the Trent XWB-97 powerplant with 97,000 lbf (430 kN) thrust for the Airbus A350-1000.[16]

Operations

On 26 July 2017, Airbus delivered the 100th A350, on track for 10 per month by 2018 end, and over the first 30 months most engine removals have been to stagger the on-wing life of a particular aircraft or to collect in-service data; 90% of the trent XWBs have a long-term service agreements with Rolls, which has designated seven shops as MRO providers: its Derby facility, its joint ventures with HAECO, SIAEC, N3 Engine Overhaul Services and independents Delta TechOps, Mubadala and Air France Industries-KLM.[17] It passed one-million flight hours in October 2017 without any in-flight disruptions and with a dispatch reliability of 99.4%.[18]

By February 2018, it has completed 1.3 million flight hours with a 99.9% dispatch reliability.[19] It took two years to reach one million flying hours and nine months for the second million by July 2018, as 500 were delivered, it has a 99.9% despatch reliability and had no in-flight shutdown yet.[20] As the fleet accumulated 2.2 million flight hours and the leading engine has operated 3,500 cycles, an Iberia A350-900 delivered at the end of July diverted to Boston after an inflight shutdown at FL410 on the September 11 New York to Madrid flight, apparently due to slight secondary damage on variable stator vanes.[21]

Design

The Trent XWB features a 2-stage IP turbine rather than a single stage like previous Trents.[22]

The 97,000 lbf (430 kN) version for the A350-1000 maintain the same 3.0 m fan size and a 5% larger core, the additional thrust will require the fan to run 6% faster which will require strengthening to withstand the increased fan-blade forces produced[22] It has thicker titanium fan blades and a stronger fan casing and takes advantage of technologies developed through the European Environmentally Friendly Engine (EFE) research program. Its core operating temperature capability will be increased.[23]

Orders

On 18 June 2007 Rolls-Royce announced that it had signed its biggest ever contract, with Qatar Airways, worth US$5.6 billion at list prices. This was for 80 Airbus A350 XWBs, powered by Trent XWB engines.[3]

On 11 November 2007 another large contract was announced at the Dubai Airshow, with Emirates, for Trent XWBs to power 50 A350-900 and 20 A350-1000 aircraft, with a further 50 option rights. Due to be delivered from 2014, the Emirates order was potentially worth up to $8.4 billion at list prices, including options.[24] However, on 11 June 2014, Airbus announced that Emirates Airline had decided to cancel its order of 70 A350 XWB aircraft.[25]

More than 1,500 engines had been sold by July 2015 to 40 customers. Rolls-Royce offered its maintenance program to Vietnam Airlines for £340 million for 14 airplanes, or £12.1 million per engine.[26]

Variants

Trent XWB variants[27]
Designation Certified Net Take-off Rating Net Maximum Continuous
Trent XWB-75 7 February 2013 74,200 lbf (330 kN) 66,600 lbf (296 kN)
Trent XWB-79 7 February 2013 78,900 lbf (351 kN) 71,400 lbf (318 kN)
Trent XWB-79B 7 February 2013 78,900 lbf (351 kN) 71,400 lbf (318 kN)
Trent XWB-84 7 February 2013 84,200 lbf (375 kN) 71,400 lbf (318 kN)
Trent XWB-97 31 August 2017 97,000 lbf (430 kN) 83,100 lbf (370 kN)

Specifications

Type Certificate Data Sheet[27]
Variant -84 -97
Type Three-shaft, high bypass ratio, axial flow, turbofan
Fan 1-stage, 3.00m / 118" diameter, 22 blades[28][lower-alpha 2]
Compressor 8-stage IP, 6-stage HP
Combustor annular, 20-off fuel spray nozzles
Turbine single stage HP, 2-stage IP, 6-stage LP[lower-alpha 3]
Length 5,812 mm / 228.8 in[lower-alpha 4]
Dry weight 7,277 kg (16,043 lb) 7,550 kg (16,640 lb)
Takeoff thrust 84,200 lbf (375 kN)[28] 97,000 lbf (431 kN)[28]
rotor speed (RPM) LP: 2700, IP: 8200, HP : 12600
Bypass ratio 9.6:1[28]
Pressure ratio 50:1[28]
Thrust-to-weight ratio 5.25 5.82
Air mass flow 1,436kg/s / 3,166lb/s[22]

See also

Related development

Comparable engines

Related lists

Notes

  1. ↑ Flat-rated to ISA+25C
  2. ↑ swept fan,[22] low hub:tip ratio
  3. ↑ one more IP stage than previous Trents, air-cooled HPT[22] and IPT, uncooled LPT
  4. ↑ tip of spinner to rear of Cold Nozzle

References

  1. ↑ "PICTURE: A350's Trent XWB engine runs for first time". Flightglobal.com. 2010-06-18. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
  2. ↑ "Trent XWB". Deagel.
  3. 1 2 "Rolls-Royce inks biggest-ever sale". Flight Global. 19 June 2007.
  4. ↑ "Trent XWB". Rolls-Royce. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
  5. ↑ David Kaminski-Morrow (6 October 2005). "Rolls-Royce to develop Trent 1700 for A350". Flight International.
  6. ↑ Guy Norris (25 July 2006). "Farnborough: Airbus A350 powerplant race ignites as Rolls-Royce reaches agreement to supply Trent, Alliance confirms interest". Flight International.
  7. ↑ Max Kingsley-Jones (13 May 2009). "Airbus revises A350 Trent XWB thrust values following weight increases". Flight International.
  8. ↑ Aubrey Cohen (20 June 2011). "Airbus delays A350-1000, boosts thrust". Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
  9. ↑ David Kaminski-Morrow (18 June 2010). "A350's Trent XWB engine runs for first time". Flight Global.
  10. ↑ Dominic Perry (18 February 2012). "Trent XWB powerplant makes maiden sortie". Flight Global.
  11. ↑ "Trent XWB achieves important milestone with award of EASA type certification" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 2013.
  12. ↑ Dominic Perry (23 October 2012). "Airbus advances towards first flight of A350 twinjet". Flightglobal.
  13. ↑ "World's most fuel efficient engine powers first flight" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 14 June 2013.
  14. ↑ "Rolls-Royce dispatches first Trent XWB for entry into service" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 15 May 2014.
  15. ↑ "Rolls-Royce starts final assembly of Trent XWB production engine for entry into service" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 10 February 2014.
  16. ↑ "Higher-thrust Rolls-Royce Trent XWB engine runs for first time" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 15 July 2014.
  17. ↑ Sean Broderick (Aug 31, 2017). "Issues With Newest Engines Provide Early MRO-Proving Opportunities". Aviation Week Network.
  18. ↑ Madhu Unnikrishnan (12 November 2017). "Rolls-Royce Marks One Millionth Hour For Trent XWB". Aviation Week Network.
  19. ↑ David Kaminski-Morrow (21 Feb 2018). "Rolls-Royce 'confident' XWB will not suffer Trent 1000 issues". Flightglobal.
  20. ↑ "Rolls-Royce Trent XWB celebrates new milestones" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 15 July 2018.
  21. ↑ Guy Norris (Sep 17, 2018). "Rolls Reaffirms A350 Diversion Unrelated To Trent 1000 Issues". Aviation Week Network.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 Chris Kjelgaard (June 2016). "Trent XWB". Air International. p. 48-51.
  23. ↑ Andrew Doyle (6 March 2009). "R-R details Trent XWB development strategy". Flight International.
  24. ↑ "Emirates places $8.4bn order for Rolls-Royce Trent XWB" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 11 November 2007.
  25. ↑ "Airbus and Emirates Airline agree to cancel A350 XWB order" (Press release). Airbus. 11 June 2014.
  26. ↑ Robin Johnson (29 July 2015). "Derby's Rolls-Royce signs £340m engine support deal with Vietnam Airlines". derby telegraph. Archived from the original on 17 September 2015.
  27. 1 2 "Type Certificate Data Sheet E.111" (PDF). EASA. 20 April 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2016.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 "Trent-XWB infographic" (PDF). Rolls-Royce. May 2017.
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