Thomas Gibson-Carmichael, 1st Baron Carmichael
Thomas David Gibson-Carmichael, 1st Baron Carmichael GCSI, GCIE, KCMG, DL, FRSE (18 March 1859 – 16 January 1926), known as Sir Thomas Gibson-Carmichael, Bt, between 1891 and 1912, was a Scottish Liberal politician and colonial administrator.
Background and education
Born near Edinburgh, Scotland, Carmichael was the eldest son of Reverend Sir William Henry Gibson-Carmichael, 10th Baronet, and Eleanora Anne Anderson, daughter of David Anderson.[1]
He was educated at the Rev Cowley Powle's school[2] in Wixenford[3] and St John's College, Cambridge.[1][4] He succeeded his father as 11th Baronet in 1891.
Political career
Carmichael was Private Secretary to George Trevelyan and Lord Dalhousie, when Secretaries for Scotland.[1] He unsuccessfully contested Peebles and Selkirk in 1892 [5] but was successfully returned as Liberal Member of Parliament for Midlothian in 1895,[6] succeeding William Ewart Gladstone. He continued to represent this constituency until the 1900 general election.[7]
Colonial Governor
Carmichael was appointed Governor of Victoria in 1908 and served from 27 July 1908 to 19 May 1911.[8]
As Governor, Carmichael permitted Victoria Premier Sir Thomas Bent who had lost a no-confidence vote on 3 December 1908 to dissolve the assembly and call for fresh elections. Thomas Bent, however, lost the elections and John Murray succeeded him as premier. A Royal Commission investigation was started in 1909 to inquire into the financial misappropriations made by Bent.
In 1911 Carmichael was appointed Governor of Madras and served from 3 November 1911 to 30 March 1912. He was elected President of The Asiatic Society for 1913–15.
Honours
He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1908, a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1911 and a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India in 1917.[1] In 1912 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Carmichael, of Skirling in the County of Peebles.[9] Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee created a post Carmichael Professor of Ancient Indian History and Culture,after his name.
Other public appointments
Carmichael was also Chairman of the Scottish Board of Lunacy from 1894 to 1897, a Trustee of the Board of Manufactures in Scotland from 1900,[10] a Trustee of the National Portrait Gallery from 1904 to 1908 and of the National Gallery from 1906 to 1908 and again from 1923 to 1926. Between 1920 and 1926 he served as Lord Lieutenant of Peeblesshire.[11]
In 1891 he founded the Scottish Beekeepers Association.[2]
Freemasonry
He was a freemason. He was initiated, passed and raised within eight days of 1895 in the Dramatic and Arts Lodge No. 757. He became Worshipful Master of the Lodge in 1902 and served for two years. He was also appointed Senior Grand Deacon of the Grand Lodge of Scotland. Seven years later he became Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland. When he was appointed Governor of Victoria, he resigned from Grand Master only to become almost immediately Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Victoria.[12]
Personal life
Lord Carmichael married the Hon. Mary Helen Elizabeth, daughter of Baron Albert Nugent, in 1886. They had no children. He died at 13 Portman Street, London, in January 1926, aged 66, and was buried at Skirling Biggar, Lanarkshire. The barony became extinct on his death while he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his cousin, Henry Thomas Gibson-Craig.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 thepeerage.com Thomas David Gibson-Carmichael, 1st and last Baron Carmichael
- 1 2 https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf
- ↑ Katherine Prior, 'Carmichael, Thomas David Gibson, Baron Carmichael (1859–1926)', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004); online biography at oxforddnb.com, May 2006, accessed 4 September 2013 (subscription required)
- ↑ "Carmichael or Gibson-Carmichael, Thomas David [Gibson] (CRML877TD)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ Whitaker's Almanack, 1893, page 143
- ↑ "No. 26651". The London Gazette. 9 August 1895. p. 4487.
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: Paddington to Platting
- ↑ "No. 28141". The London Gazette. 29 May 1908. p. 3993. ; "thepeerage.com"; leighrayment.com Peerage: Carew to Castlereagh
- ↑ "No. 28579". The London Gazette. 9 February 1912. p. 972.
- ↑ "No. 27165". The London Gazette. 16 February 1900. p. 1076.
- ↑ leighrayment.com Peerage: Carew to Castlereagh
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 April 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
Bibliography
- Mary Helen Elizabeth (Nugent) Carmichael (baroness.) (1929). Lord Carmichael of Skirling. Hodder and Stoughton.
External links
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Thomas Gibson-Carmichael
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by William Ewart Gladstone |
Member of Parliament for Midlothian 1895–1900 |
Succeeded by The Master of Elibank |
| Government offices | ||
| Preceded by Sir Reginald Talbot |
Governor of Victoria 1908–1911 |
Succeeded by Sir John Fuller, Bt |
| Preceded by Hon. Sir Arthur Lawley |
Governor of Madras 1911–1912 |
Succeeded by Sir Murray Hammick (acting) |
| Preceded by Sir William Duke |
Governor of Bengal 1912–1917 |
Succeeded by The Marquess of Zetland |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Lord Glenconner |
Lord Lieutenant of Peeblesshire 1920–1926 |
Succeeded by Sir Michael Thorburn |
| Masonic offices | ||
| Preceded by Hon. Charles Ramsay |
Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland 1907–1909 |
Succeeded by The Marquess of Tullibardine |
| Preceded by George Emery |
Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of Victoria 1909-1912 |
Succeeded by Reverend Albert Holden |
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Baron Carmichael 1912–1926 |
Extinct |
| Baronetage of Nova Scotia | ||
| Preceded by William Henry Gibson-Carmichael |
Baronet (of Keirhill) 1891–1926 |
Succeeded by Henry Gibson-Craig-Carmichael |
 | Before Federation |  | |
|---|---|---|---|
| After Federation | |||
