SwePol

SwePol
Stärno
Bruskowo Wielkie
Location of SwePol
Location
Country Sweden, Poland
Coordinates 54°30′7.6″N 16°53′28.4″E / 54.502111°N 16.891222°E / 54.502111; 16.891222 (SwePol - Bruskowo Wielkie (Slupsk) Static Inverter Plant)
56°09′10.7″N 14°50′29.4″E / 56.152972°N 14.841500°E / 56.152972; 14.841500 (SwePol - Stärnö Static Inverter Plant)
General direction north–south
From Stärnö Static Inverter Plant, Sweden
Passes through Baltic Sea
To Bruskowo Wielkie Static Inverter Plant, Poland
Ownership information
Owner SwePol Link AB
Partners Svenska Kraftnät, Vattenfall, PSE-Operator
Construction information
Manufacturer of conductor/cable ABB
Manufacturer of substations ABB
Commissioned 2000
Technical information
Type subsea cable
Type of current HVDC
Total length 254 km (158 mi)
Power rating 600 MW
AC voltage 400 kV (both ends)
DC voltage 450 kV

SwePol is a 254.05-kilometre (157.86 mi)-long monopolar high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine cable between the Stärnö peninsula near Karlshamn, Sweden, and Bruskowo Wielkie, near Słupsk, Poland.

SwePol is a high voltage cable with a cross section of 2,100 square millimetres (3.3 sq in). It runs for 222 kilometres (138 mi) as underground cable from Stärno HVDC Station to the shore of the Baltic Sea. The 239.28 kilometres (148.68 mi) long submarine cable comes ashore in Poland near Ustka at 54°34′25″N 16°46′57″E / 54.57361°N 16.78250°E / 54.57361; 16.78250 (SwePol enters Poland) and runs underground for the remaining 12.55 kilometres (7.80 mi) to Bruskowo Wielkie HVDC Static Inverter Plant.

Unlike other monopolar HVDC schemes, Swepol uses a metallic return consisting of 2 cables with 630 square millimetres (0.98 sq in) sections for the submarine portion of the line, and a single cable with 1,100 square millimetres (1.7 sq in) sections for the land portions.

Both stations use air-core inductance smoothing rectifiers of 225 mH and a weight of 27.5 tonnes, with filters for the 11th, 13th, 24th, and 36th harmonics. Each filter consists of a coil and a capacitor switched in row. The filters for the 11th and 13th harmonics are adjustable. The filters deliver a reactive power of 95 Mvar. Additional 95 Mvar reactive power is delivered by a capacitor bank. Each station's static inverter, which is switched as a 12-pulse thyristor bridge, consists of 792 thyristors arranged in three 16 metres (52 ft) high towers installed in a valve hall.

The SwePol link was inaugurated in 2000 and can transmit up to 600 MW power at a voltage of 450 kV. It was initially owned and maintained by SwePol Link AB, a company jointly owned by the state-owned Swedish power company Svenska Kraftnät (51%), Vattenfall (16%), and Polish transmission system operator PSE-Operator (33%), but the company was liquidated and the cable was acquired by Svenska Kraftnät for the Swedish and PSE-Operator for the Polish part of the cable.

Since coming online, 11 instances of cable damage have occurred: one on the high voltage line and 10 on the return cable. Causes have included ship anchors, fishing nets, fire, and grid power disturbances. On February 14, 2005, the smoothing reactor at the HVDC station at Bruskowo Wielkie was destroyed by fire. Repairs took 20 hours.

Initially SwePol was used to export electricity to Poland only. In 2016, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 87%. The technical capacity not used was 25%. Totally, 2.8 TWh (52.4% of the technical capacity) was exported from Sweden to Poland and 0.2 TWh (3.3%) of the technical capacity) was imported to Sweden.[1]

Sites

SiteCoordinates
Bruskowo Wielkie Static Inverter Plant54°30′7.6″N 16°53′28.4″E / 54.502111°N 16.891222°E / 54.502111; 16.891222 (SwePol - Bruskowo Wielkie (Slupsk) Static Inverter Plant)
Stärnö Static Inverter Plant56°09′10.7″N 14°50′29.4″E / 56.152972°N 14.841500°E / 56.152972; 14.841500 (SwePol - Stärnö Static Inverter Plant)

Cultural meaning

Swepol Link is also the name of a local soccer team in the town of Bruskowo Wielkie.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2016" (PDF).
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