Sordello

Sordello from a 13th-century manuscript

Sordello da Goito or Sordel de Goit (sometimes Sordell) was a 13th-century Italian troubadour, born in the municipality of Goito in the province of Mantua.

The real Sordello, so far as we have authentic facts about his life, was the most famous of the Italian troubadours. About 1220 he was in a tavern brawl in Florence; and in 1226, while at the court of Richard of Bonifazio in Verona, he abducted his master's wife, Cunizza, at the instigation of her brother, Ezzelino da Romano. The scandal resulted in his flight (1229) to Provence, where he seems to have remained for some time. He entered the service of Charles of Anjou, and probably accompanied him (1265) on his Naples expedition; in 1266 he was a prisoner in Naples. The last documentary mention of him is in 1269, and he is supposed to have died in Provence. His appearance in Purgatory among the spirits of those who, though redeemed, were prevented from making a final confession and reconciliation by sudden death, suggests that he was murdered, although this may be Dante's own conjecture.[1]

His didactic poem, L’ensenhamen d’onor, and his love songs and satirical pieces have little in common with Dante's presentation, but the invective against negligent princes which Dante puts into his mouth in the 7th canto of the Purgatorio is more adequately paralleled in his sirventes-planh (1237) on the death of his patron Blacatz, where he invites the princes of Christendom to feed on the heart of the hero.[1]

Dante and Virgil encounter Sordello in purgatory, part of the Monumento a Dante a Trento by Cesare Zocchi (1896).

Sordello in literature

Sordello was subsequently praised by Dante Alighieri in the De vulgari eloquentia (written about 1305), but criticized in Canto VI of the Purgatorio of The Divine Comedy (composed between 1308 and 1322). [However, if the "Sordello" in Canto VI really refers to Sordello the Troubadour or Sordello the Podesta of Verona is under dispute.] He is made the type of patriotic pride. He is the hero of the well-known poem Sordello by Robert Browning, published in 1840.[1] He is also praised for his passion in Oscar Wilde's 1881 poem "Amor Intellectualis".

Sordello is briefly referred to in Samuel Beckett's 1951 novels Molloy and Malone Dies. Ezra Pound also references him in the Cantos. Numerous references occur in Roberto Bolaño's 2000 novella By Night in Chile and he is a principal character in Robert Shea's two-volume historical novel The Saracen, published in 1989.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Chisholm 1911, p. 431.

References

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sordello". Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Endnotes:
    • For Sordello's life and works, the edition of Cesare de Lollis (Halle, 1896)
    • For Browning's poem see: Brooke, Stopford (1902), Browning
  • Duff, David (1906), An exposition of Browning's Sordello with historical and other notes
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