Six Codes

Six Codes
Chinese name
Chinese 六法
Korean name
Hangul 육법
Hanja 六法
Japanese name
Kanji 六法
Kana ろっぽう

Six Codes (六法), refers to the six main legal codes that make up the main body of law in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan (Republic of China).[1] Sometimes, the term is also used to describe the six major areas of law. Furthermore, it may refer to all or part of a collection of statutes.

 Japan South Korea
(South Korea)		 Republic of China
(Taiwan)
1 Constitution of Japan
(日本国憲法
Nippon-koku-kenpō, 1946)		 Constitution of the Republic of Korea
(大韓民國憲法
Daehan-minguk Heon-beob, 1948)		 Constitution of the Republic of China
(中華民國憲法
Zhōnghuá Mínguó Xiànfǎ, 1948)
2 Civil Code
(民法 Minpō, 1896)		Civil Code
(民法 Min-beob, 1958)		Civil Code
(民法 Mínfǎ, 1929)
3 Code of Civil Procedure
(民事訴訟法 Minji-soshō-hō, 1996)		Code of Civil Procedure
(民事訴訟法 Minsa-sosong-beob, 1960)		 Code of Civil Procedure
(民事訴訟法 Mínshìsùsòngfǎ, 1930)
4 Criminal Code
(刑法 Keihō, 1907)		Criminal Code
(刑法 Hyeong-beob, 1953)		Criminal Code
(刑法 Xíngfǎ, 1935)
5 Code of Criminal Procedure
(刑事訴訟法 Keiji-soshō-hō, 1948)		Code of Criminal Procedure
(刑事訴訟法 Hyeongsa-sosong-beob, 1954)		 Code of Criminal Procedure
(刑事訴訟法 Xíngshìsùsòngfǎ, 1928)
6 Commercial Code
(商法 Shōhō, 1899)		Commercial Code
(商法 Sang-beob, 1962)		Administrative laws
(行政法規 Xíngzhèngfǎguī)

The word roppō is a slightly adapted form of the word used in Japanese to describe the Napoleonic Code (ナポレオン五法典 Napoleon go-hōten) when it was brought over during the early Meiji period.[2] Although the Napoleonic Code consisted of five major codes, the Japanese added to this their own constitution to form six codes in all, and thus it came to be called the roppō or "six codes."[2]

Legislation in Japan tends to be terse. The statutory volume Roppō Zensho(literally: Book of Six Codes), similar in size to a large dictionary, contains all six codes as well as many other statutes enacted by the Diet.

The Taiwanese legal system is strongly influenced by Japan's. As a result, the terms Six Codes and Book of Six Codes are also widely used in Taiwan.

See also

Japan South Korea Republic of China (Taiwan)
  1. Ministry of Justice, ROC(Taiwan)
  2. The Laws and Regulations Database of the ROC(Taiwan)
  3. The Complete Six Codes of Japan ＲＯＮの六法全書 onLINE(in Japanese)

References

  1. ↑ Ministry of Justice, R.O.C. (Taiwan)
  2. 1 2 Masaji Chiba “Japan” edited by Poh-Ling Tan, “Asian Legal Systems” Butterworths, London, 1997.
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