Self-hatred

Self-hatred (also called self loathing) refers to an extreme dislike or hatred of oneself, or being angry at or even prejudiced against oneself.[1] The term is also used to designate a dislike or hatred of a group, family, social class, or stereotype to which one belongs and/or has. For instance, "ethnic self-hatred" is the extreme dislike of one's ethnic group or cultural classification. It may be associated with aspects of autophobia.

The term "self-hatred" is used infrequently by psychologists and psychiatrists, who would usually describe people who hate themselves as "persons with low self-esteem". Self-hatred and shame are important factors in some or many mental disorders, especially disorders that involve a perceived defect of oneself (e.g. body dysmorphic disorder). Self-hatred is also a symptom of many personality disorders, including borderline personality disorder,[2] as well as depression. It can also be linked to guilt for someone's own actions that they view as wrongful, e.g., survivor guilt.

Types

The term self-hatred can refer to either a strong dislike for oneself, one's own actions, or a strong dislike or hatred of one's own race, gender, nationality, sexual orientation, or any other group of which one may be a member. When used in the latter context it is generally defined as hatred of one's identity based on the demographic in question, as well as a desire to distance oneself from this identity.

Personal

Some sociology theorists such as Jerry Mander see television programming as being deliberately designed to induce self-hatred, negative body image, and depression, with the advertising then being used to suggest the cure.[3] See also the arguments related to the Kill your television phenomenon. Some personal self-hatred can be linked to remorse for something a person did or did not do, or as a result of bullying.

Jewish Community

Many races have faced self-hatred through the form of their own race or ethnicity. Jews are one of the prime examples that experience this type of self-hate. Jews have experienced plenty of hate from Europe and America. In order to fit in, Jews have engaged with the most liberal politics to trade their identity for that of say, social activist or communist. Also often quoted were the writings of Lessing, who in his book, Jewish Self-Hatred (1930) considered this type of hatred pathological, “a manifestation of an over identification with the dominant culture and internalization of its prejudices.” Due to the self-hate, there have been studies from Rafael Becker, a psychodynamically oriented psychiatrist at the Burgho¨lzli Clinic in Zurich, stated in his scholarly research, “mental illness in Jews often derived from feelings of inferiority and self-hatred resulting from persecution and their subordinate position in society.” From the American Jew side, there have been similar responses as to their reactions and self-hate. European Jews migrated overseas in 1654. During that time, Jews were discriminated and banned from professions and from voting and holding office. Not until 1868 in which the original 13 colonies granted Jews the political equality. Because of this, many of the American Jews were deciding to hide their identity “by converting or intermarrying and raising their children in another faith.” Which shows that there is an extensive of self-hate. [4]

Black Community

Within the Black Community, there have been those who have experienced self-hate. Society views Black Americans as inferior. Due to the racial stereotypes, Black Americans are assumed immoral, ugly, dull witted, and otherwise inferior. (source? By who?) In addition, from their history as seen as slaves, it also counts as a reason as to why they are considered inferior to others. (source? grammar check)The self-hate portrayal of Black women is not local to the USA and no less dramatic than that of Black men.(source?) What Black women experience is conveyed to other Black women via influences of American media. As a result in severe depression. Not only that, Black men are portrayed as lazy (source?) while Black women are portrayed as sexually bold (by who? source). Race category in America may have an impact on every phase of Black life, including job placement, earnings, and, most important for Black males, role fulfillment as patriarchal head of household. In fact, the extent of such self-hate has reached epidemic proportions without a sense of national urgency, such that the Black community has come to tolerate Black-on-Black crime, especially Black male homicides. The end results are Black males who may have an utter disregard for human life.  There have also been results in which the U.S unemployment percentages have been higher for blacks than whites from 1992 - 2001. Not only that, but those in Jamaica consider skin bleaching because they believe their skins are “too dark” for society.(source? Jamaican society is majority black) On July 5, 1999, The Ministry of Health held a press conference to publicize its counter strategy to skin bleaching resulting in taking it off on all markets. Those who still would like to skin bleach thought of other ways and paid their way in order to be lighter. A dermatologist has estimated that about 10% to 15% of the patients seen by dermatologists are bleaching their skin. Because of the self hate Blacks have experienced through their life as well as through history, they see themselves as lower than societal needs. [5][6][7]

Adolescents

Self-Hate is predominant in the adolescent stages. Through recent years, social media has grown and most adolescents confront their feelings online or confront their feelings about others. Digital Self Harm is the new form of self harm in the modern day and age for adolescents. They conducted a nationally representative survey of nearly 6,000 middle and high school students. Their study, "Digital Self-Harm Among Adolescents," revealed that 6 percent of students say they have cyberbullied themselves. About 1 in 20 adolescents say they have digitally self-harmed, and almost half (48.7 percent) of those have done it more than once. Just like cutting and self-hard, which can be found under clothing, digital self-hate is harder to detect. Published in the Journal of Adolescent Health last year, Patchin and Hinduja's study also found that males were significantly more likely to report self-harming themselves than females, with 7.1 percent compared with 5.3 percent. Because of this, online media platforms have been more aware of what is happening and are beginning to put an end to it. In addition, adolescents read magazines or observe other females on social media and find themselves to be out of the standard. These impossible standards of beauty make teens feel terrible about their own appearances, creating the unnecessary self-hate. [8][9]

Self-injury

Self-harm can be a psychological disorder that may involve self-hatred, where subjects may feel compelled to physically injure themselves as an outlet for depression, anxiety, or anger.[10][11][12]

In some cases, self-harm can lead to accidental death or suicide. It is not a definitive indicator, however, of a desire either to commit suicide or even of its consideration.

Self-deprecation

Self-deprecation is the act of belittling, undervaluing, or disparaging oneself,[13] or being excessively modest.[14][15] It can be used in humor and tension release.[16]

Self-deprecation was recommended by philosophers of Stoicism as a response to insults. Instead of getting defensive, one should join in by insulting themselves even more. According to the Stoics, this will remove the sting from the insult. It will also disappoint the interlocutor because the insulted party failed to be upset, thereby reducing the chance that they will try to upset the Stoic like that again.[17]

Self-deprecation is often perceived as being a characteristic of certain nations, such as in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, where "blowing one's own trumpet" is frowned upon.[18] This is played upon by English comedians David Mitchell. and (in a classy way) by Sir David Niven, Sir Roger Moore, and Hugh Grant.

It is seen as a major component of the comedy of North American comedians such as Maria Bamford, Jerry Lewis, Woody Allen,[19] Mike Birbiglia, Brian Regan, Hannibal Buress, Bo Burnham, Louis C.K., Rodney Dangerfield, Larry David, Phyllis Diller, Tina Fey, Nathan Fielder,[20] Jim Gaffigan, Zach Galifianakis, Kevin Hart, Bill Burr, Bob Hope, Leslie Jones, Don Knotts,[21] David Letterman, Bernie Mac, Jim Norton, Conan O'Brien, Richard Pryor, Joan Rivers,[22] Amy Schumer, David Spade, Jon Stewart, Ray Romano, Robin Williams, and Craig Ferguson.

References

  1. ↑ https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/feeling-our-way/201512/four-kinds-depression-and-self-hate
  2. ↑ "Borderline Personality Disorder - Symptoms". WebMD. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  3. ↑ Kaufman, Ron. "Review of Jerry Mander's Four Arguments For The Elimination Of Television". TurnOffYourTV.com. Archived from the original on 2014-03-31. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  4. ↑ Alperin, Richard M. (2016-03-09). "Jewish Self-Hatred: The Internalization of Prejudice". Clinical Social Work Journal. 44 (3): 221–230. doi:10.1007/s10615-016-0577-2. ISSN 0091-1674.
  5. ↑ Charles, Christopher A. D. (July 2003). "Skin Bleaching, Self-Hate, and Black Identity in Jamaica". Journal of Black Studies. 33 (6): 711–728. doi:10.1177/0021934703033006001. ISSN 0021-9347.
  6. ↑ Hall, Ronald E. (2014-02-27). "Self-Hate as Life Threat Pathology Among Black Americans: Black Pride Antidote Vis-à-Vis Leukocyte Telomere Length (LTL)". Journal of African American Studies. 18 (4): 398–408. doi:10.1007/s12111-014-9277-6. ISSN 1559-1646.
  7. ↑ Hall, Ronald E., and Jesenia M. Pizarro. “Unemployment as Conduit of Black Self-Hate: Pathogenic Rates of Black Male Homicide via Legacy of the Antebellum.” Journal of Black Studies, vol. 40, no. 4, Mar. 2010, pp. 653–665. EBSCOhost, athena.rider.edu:6443/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=48360128&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
  8. ↑ Patchin, Justin W.; Hinduja, Sameer (December 2017). "Digital Self-Harm Among Adolescents". Journal of Adolescent Health. 61 (6): 761–766. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.06.012. ISSN 1054-139X.
  9. ↑ “Schools See New Dilemma in Teens Who Cyberbully Themselves.” Education Week, vol. 37, no. 33, May 2018, p. 18. EBSCOhost, athena.rider.edu:6443/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=130092054&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
  10. ↑ Laye-Gindhu, A.; Schonert-Reichl, Kimberly A. (2005), "Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the "Whats" and "Whys" of Self-Harm", Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34 (5): 447–457, doi:10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z
  11. ↑ Klonsky, D. (2007), "The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence", Clinical Psychological Review, 27 (2): 226–239, doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.002, PMID 17014942
  12. ↑ Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2005), "Self-Injurious Behavior as a Separate Clinical Syndrome", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75 (2): 324–333, doi:10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324, PMID 15839768
  13. ↑ "Self-deprecation". The Free Dictionary. Farlex. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
  14. ↑ Self-Deprecation - Personality & Spirituality
  15. ↑ Self-deprecation | Define Self-deprecation at Dictionary.com
  16. ↑ Hill, Matthew. "The Funny Thing About Work". Society for Intercultural Training and Research. Archived from the original on 2012-01-20. Retrieved 2011-05-04.
  17. ↑ William Irvine, 2013, 'A Slap in the Face'
  18. ↑ "Self-Deprecation". Debrett's. Archived from the original on 5 April 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  19. ↑ Forward, The (2009-06-10). "Is self-deprecation killing Jewish comedy? - Israel News | Haaretz Daily Newspaper". Haaretz.com. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  20. ↑ Sarah, Osman. "CHATTING WITH: "NATHAN FOR YOU" CREATOR NATHAN FIELDER". Young Hollywood. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
  21. ↑ "Don Knotts Obituary: View Don Knotts's Obituary by The Washington Post". Legacy.com. 2006-02-25. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  22. ↑ Morris, Wesley (2010-06-20). "The many faces of Joan Rivers". The Boston Globe.

Further reading

  • Sander L. Gilman Difference and Pathology: Stereotypes of Sexuality, Race and Madness Cornell University Press, 1985. ISBN 978-0-8014-1785-6
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