San Ildefonso Self-Taught Group

The San Ildefonso Self-Taught Group, was an art movement from 1900–1935[1] and a group of Native American artists primarily from the San Ildefonso Pueblo in New Mexico. The group consisted of Tonita Peña, Julian Martinez, Alfonso Roybal, Abel Sanchez, Crecencio Martinez, Encarnación Peña, and others.[2] This group was the first known Native American group in the American Southwest to practice easel painting.[3]

History

Edgar Lee Hewett, a professor of archaeology and the director of the Laboratory of Anthropology in Santa Fe, was working closely with locals from the San Ildefonso pueblo on excavations. He said that he "discovered" their ability to draw and paint in watercolor.[4] Hewett encouraged the production of art work from Native American artists and helped gain them financial support of white patrons.[4]

The artwork is often composed of the subject matter, Native American ways of life. The work uses flat and using bright colors. It was celebrated as an American way of contemporary abstraction.[4] Artists who tried to veer way from that style were discouraged by their patrons.[4]

Critics

During the early 20th century, numerous white Americans became involved in an effort to promote Native American arts within white social circles.[1] Critiques of the San Ildefonso Self-Taught Group have been made by those who study "traditional" Native American art, versus art of Native Americans supported (and perhaps shaped by) white patronage.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 Jacobs, Margaret D. (1998). "Shaping a New Way: White Women and the Movement to Promote Pueblo Indian Arts and Crafts,1900-1935". DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Retrieved 2015-01-12.
  2. ↑ "Highlights from Stanford's Native American paintings collection are showcased in Memory and Markets: Pueblo Painting in the Early 20th Century". Stanford University. 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2016-01-12.
  3. ↑ The Journal of Intercultural Studies, Volumes 24-26. Intercultural Research Institute, Kansai University of Foreign Studies. 1997. p. 58.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Neff, Emily Ballew (2006-01-01). The Modern West: American Landscapes, 1890-1950. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300114486.
  5. ↑ "Tonita Peña (Quah Ah), Pueblo Painter: Asserting Identity through Continuity and Change on JSTOR". JSTOR 1184742. Missing or empty |url= (help)
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