Salvelinus grayi

Salvelinus grayi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Actinopterygii
Order:Salmoniformes
Family:Salmonidae
Genus:Salvelinus
Species: S. grayi
Binomial name
Salvelinus grayi
Synonyms

Salmo grayi (Günther, 1862)[3]
Salvelinus evasus (Freyhof & Kottelat, 2005)

Salvelinus grayi, also called Gray's char[r], Lough Melvin char[r] or freshwater herring[4][5], is a species of lacustrine char fish in the family Salmonidae.[6][7]

It only found in Lough Melvin, Ireland.[8]

Location of Lough Melvin in Ireland

Taxonomy

Name

The English word "char[r]" is thought to derive from Old Irish ceara/cera meaning "[blood] red,"[9] referring to its pink-red underside.[10][11] This would also connect with its Welsh name torgoch, "red belly."[12]

Scientific name

The describer, Albert Günther, named the fish after his longtime colleague John Edward Gray.

Biology

Salvelinus grayi is benthopelagic, living at 10–30 m (30–100 ft), except during spawning season. It feeds on water fleas (crustacean of the order Cladocera). It spawns in November, in shallow rocky areas. Its maximum length is 25 cm (10 inches). It can be distinguished from other char by the whitish spots on upper flank and caudal and dorsal fins.[13]

Conservation

Recorded numbers in Lough Melvin declined from 33 in 1975 and 42 in 1986 to only 12 in 2001, and the species is considered critically endangered. Common rudd introduction and eutrophication are blamed for the decline.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 "Salvelinus grayi". www.iucnredlist.org.
  2. ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Salvelinus grayi (Günther, 1862)". www.marinespecies.org.
  3. ↑ Couch, Jonathan (28 February 1877). "A History of the Fishes of the British Islands". G. Bell – via Google Books.
  4. ↑ Thompson, Wm. (1841). "Notes on British Char, Salmo Umbla, Linn., S. Salvelinus, Don". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology. R. and J. E. Taylor. 6: 444 – via Google Books.
  5. ↑ MacMahon, Alexander Francis Magri (28 February 2018). "Fishlore: British Freshwater Fishes". Penguin Books – via Google Books.
  6. ↑ Thompson, Wm. (1841). "Notes on British Char, Salmo Umbla, Linn., S. Salvelinus, Don". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology. R. and J. E. Taylor. 6: 446 – via Google Books.
  7. ↑ "The Salmon and Trout Magazine". Salmon and Trout Assoc. 28 February 2018 – via Google Books.
  8. ↑ "The Salmon and Trout Magazine". Salmon and Trout Assoc. 28 February 1964 – via Google Books.
  9. ↑ edil@qub.ac.uk. "eDIL - Irish Language Dictionary". edil.qub.ac.uk.
  10. ↑ Skeat, Walter W. (15 February 2013). "An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language". Courier Corporation – via Google Books.
  11. ↑ Various. "Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 1 of 4: A-D)". Library of Alexandria – via Google Books.
  12. ↑ Weekley, Ernest (5 March 2013). "An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English". Courier Corporation – via Google Books.
  13. ↑ "Salvelinus grayi summary page". FishBase.
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