Saliha Banu Begum

Saliha Banu Begum
Empress consort of the Mughal Empire
Tenure c. 1608 – 10 June 1620
Died 10 June 1620
Agra, Mughal Empire
Spouse Jahangir
House Timurid (by marriage)
Father Qaim Khan
Religion Islam

Saliha Banu Begum (Persian: صالحہ بانو بیگم‎; died 10 June 1620) was Empress consort of the Mughal Empire as the wife of Emperor Jahangir.[1] She was also known as the Padshah Banu Begum or the Padshah Mahal.[2]

Family

Saliha Banu Begum was the daughter of Qaim Khan,[3] and came from a well placed family in the government as her brother, a man named Abdur Rahim (titled Tarbiyat Khan), was said by Jahangir to be "of the hereditary houseborn ones of this Court."[1] She was the grand daughter of Muqim Khan, the son of Shuja'at Khan from Akbar's time.[4]

Marriage

Jahangir married her in 1608, in the third year of his reign. As a consequence, her brother Abdur Rahim's position greatly advanced. He was awarded with the title of Tarbiyat Khan. His son named Miyan Joh, whom Saliha had taken for her son, was killed at the banks of river Jhelum by Mahabat Khan when the latter behaved insolently towards Jahangir,[5] in 1626.[6]

For much of Jahangir's reign, she was the Padishah Banu ("The Sovereign Lady"), also called Padishah Mahal ("Sovereign of the Palace"),[7][8] and when she died in 1620, the title was passed on to Nur Jahan.[1] She was, reportedly, Nur Jahan's only powerful rival for Jahangir's affections.[9] Williams Hawkins, a representative of the English East India Company noted her among Jahangir's chief wives. He said the following:

Hee (Jahangir) hath .... three hundred wives whereof four be chiefe as queenes, to say, the first, named Padasha Banu, daughter to Kaime Chan (Qaim Khan); the second is called Noore Mahal (Nur Jahan), the daughter of Gais Beyge (Mirza Ghiyas Beg); the third is the daughter of Seinchan (Zain Khan Koka); the fourth is the daughter of Hakim Humaun (Mirza Muhammad Hakim), who was brother to his father Ekber Padasha (Akbar)[10]

Saliha Banu Begum was reportedly to be well versed in Hindi poetry.[8]

Death

Saliha Banu Begum died on Wednesday, 10 June 1620.[11] Jahangir noted that Saliha Banu's death was foretold by the astrologer Jotik Rai; grief-stricken at her loss, he nevertheless marvelled at the accuracy of the prophecy, which had been taken from his own horoscope.[1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Findly, Ellison Banks (1993). Nur Jahan, empress of Mughal India. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 125. ISBN 9780195360608.
  2. ↑ The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India, Volumes 20-21. Numismatic Society of India. 1958. p. 196.
  3. ↑ Lal, K.S. (1988). The Mughal harem. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. p. 27. ISBN 9788185179032.
  4. ↑ Awrangābādī, Prasad & Shāhnavāz 1979, p. 925.
  5. ↑ Awrangābādī, Prasad & Shāhnavāz 1979, p. 926.
  6. ↑ Soma Mukherjee (2001). Royal Mughal Ladies and Their Contributions. Gyan Books. p. 144. ISBN 978-8-121-20760-7.
  7. ↑ Abdul Kader, M. (1988). Historical Fallacies Unveiled. İslamic Foundation Bangladesh. p. 105.
  8. 1 2 Sharma, Sudha (March 21, 2016). The Status of Muslim Women in Medieval India. SAGE Publications India. pp. 144, 209. ISBN 978-9-351-50567-9.
  9. ↑ Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) (1 January 1932). "Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal". 25. Asiatic Society.: 62.
  10. ↑ Foster, Sir William (1975). Early travels in India, 1583-1619. AMS Press. pp. 100–101. ISBN 978-0-404-54825-4.
  11. ↑ Jahangir, Emperor; Thackston, Wheeler McIntosh (1999). The Jahangirnama : memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India. Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 340.

Bibliography

  • Awrangābādī, Shāhnavāz Khān; Prasad, Bani; Shāhnavāz, 'Abd al-Hayy ibn (1979). The Maāthir-ul-umarā: being biographies of the Muḥammadan and Hindu officers of the Timurid sovereigns of India from 1500 to about 1780 A.D. Janaki Prakashan.
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