STS 14

STS 14
Catalog no. STS 14
Species Australopithecus africanus
Age 2.5 million years old
Discovered by Robert Broom and John T. Robinson

STS 14 is a fossilized partial skeleton of the species Australopithecus africanus. It was discovered at Sterkfontein, South Africa by Robert Broom and John T. Robinson in August 1947, and is estimated to be about 2.5 million years old.[1][2]

Some scientists have proposed that STS 14 may have come from the same individual as STS 5 though that fossil is considered only 2.15 million years old.

Description

The specimen consists of a pelvis, vertebral column and fragmentary rib and femur. Notable characteristics include the distinctly human-like shape of its pelvic blades, indicating a type of bipedalism.[3] This find was the first to demonstrate, without a doubt, pre-Homo bipedality.

Curiously, the specimen has six lumbar vertebrae, more than either most humans, who have five, or modern apes, which may have five or fewer.[2]

The specimen's sacrum contains an unfused intervertebral disk between the first and second sacral vertebrae, suggesting that the individual died before reaching maturity.[4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Australopithecus africanus". Australian Museum. 20 January 2011.
  2. 1 2 Johanson, Donald; Edgar, Blake (2006). From Lucy to Language. Simon & Schuster. p. 148. ISBN 978-0-7432-8064-8.
  3. ↑ Meldrum, Jeff; Hilton, Charles E. (2011-06-27). From Biped to Strider: The Emergence of Modern Human Walking, Running, and Resource Transport. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781441989659.
  4. ↑ "Australopithecus africanus: Sts 14". eFossils. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
  • Image of STS 14
  • Tattersall, Ian, Schwartz, Jeffery (2000). Extinct Humans. Westview Press, Boulder CO. ISBN 0-8133-3482-9.
  • Larsen, Clark Spencer, Matter, Robert M, Gebo, Daniel L (1991). Human Origins: the fossil record. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, Illinois. ISBN 0-88133-575-4.
  • Maropeng - The Cradle of Humankind Official Website
  • UNESCO - Fossil Hominid Sites of Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Kromdraai, and Environs
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