Robert Lockhart Hobson

Robert Lockhart Hobson, 1934

The cover of Chinese pottery and porcelain, 1915

Robert Lockhart Hobson CB (1872 – 5 June 1941) was keeper of the Department of Ceramics and Ethnography at the British Museum and an authority on far eastern ceramics. He was noted for his cataloguing which The Times described as establishing firm facts for what had previously been "surmise and unproved tradition"^[1] and he was highly influential through his writing in the elevation of Chinese ceramics from craft works to the status of objects of fine art. He was president of the Oriental Ceramic Society from 1939 to 1942.

Early life

Robert Hobson was born at Lambeg, Co. Antrim, Ireland, in 1872, the son of Reverend Canon William Thomas Hobson of the Isle of Man. He had a brother, William Dalglish Hobson, born in 1886. He was educated at St John's School, Leatherhead, and received his advanced education at Jesus College, University of Cambridge, from where he graduated with a first class degree in classics in 1893.^[2]

Marriage

Hobson married the Honourable Daisy Denison, daughter of Rear-Admiral Hon. Albert Denison Somerville Denison, in 1900. In 1938, Daisy was granted the title as a Baron's daughter which would have been hers had her father survived to succeed as Lord Londesborough. She died in 1967.^[3]

Career

Hobson worked as a school teacher for four years before joining the British Museum in 1897. He served as a lieutenant in the Civil Service Rifles, part of the London Regiment, from 1914 to 1919.^[2] In 1921 he was made keeper of the Department of Ceramics and Ethnography^[4] which was formed for him.^[5] He gave evidence to the Royal Commission on National Museums and Galleries.^[1] He was appointed a member of the Order of the Bath in 1931.^[6] In 1934 he was made keeper of Oriental Antiquities and Ethnography, a position he held until his retirement in 1938^[7] at which time he was presented with the gift of a portrait by Francis Dodd RA.^[1]^[8]

He was closely associated with the China exhibitions at Burlington House in 1909–1910,^[1] 1915–16,^[2] and 1935–1936^[1] the last of which was visited by over 401,000 people.^[9]

He was one of the founding members of the Oriental Ceramic Society,^[1] and after his retirement, chairman (or president) from 1939 to 1942 in succession to George Eumorfopoulos. His successor was Sir Alan Barlow.^[10]

Writing

Hobson completed two standard catalogues of the English pottery and porcelain in the British Museum.^[7] The catalogue of pottery was the first to include a section on medieval pottery of which the British Museum was a leader in establishing a reference collection.^[11] He wrote the entry on ceramics for the 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica and the entry on the Orientalist Stephen Wootton Bushell for the Dictionary of National Biography (1912).

He later turned his attention to far eastern ceramics^[12] and became a noted scholar of Qing dynasty works.^[13] He was one of the first to explicitly date the earliest blue and white porcelain to the Song dynasty when most scholars still placed it in the Ming period, indicating his awareness of the latest archaeological excavations.^[14] His The wares of the Ming Dynasty (1923) was described by John Alexander Pope as an early attempt at an "overall objective classification of Ming wares" and a "kind of landmark" as a more critical approach began to enter the field of Chinese ceramics^[15] and he was highly influential through his writing in the elevation of Chinese ceramics from craft works to the status of objects of fine art.^[16]

He compiled a catalogue of the pottery and porcelain in the George Eumorfopoulos collection which was published in six volumes from 1925 to 1928.^[13]^[17]

Death and legacy

Hobson died at his home^[1] in Horsham on 5 June 1941.^[2] He was survived by his wife Daisy to whom probate was granted on an estate of £7,171 net.^[18] He received obituaries in the Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, and The Times.

Selected publications

Catalogue of the collection of English pottery in the Department of British and Mediæval Antiquities and Ethnography of the British Museum. London, British Museum, 1903.
Catalogue of the collection of English porcelain in the Department of British and Mediaeval Antiquities and Ethnography of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1905.
Porcelain, oriental, continental and British: A book of handy reference for collectors. Constable, London, 1906. (2nd 1908)
Handbook of marks on pottery and porcelain. Macmillan, London, 1909.^[19] Revised editions 1912, 1919. (With William Burton (1863–1941))
Worcester porcelain: A description of the ware from the wall period to the present day &c. Bernard Quaritch, London, 1910.
Catalogue of porcelain, furniture and other works of art in the collection of Lady Wantage &c. W.H. Fairbairns, Enfield, 1912. (With Oliver Brackett)
Chinese pottery and porcelain. An account of the potter's art in China from primitive times to the present day. Two volumes. Cassell and Co., London, 1915. Volume I, Volume II.
Catalogue of the Frank Lloyd Collection of Worcester porcelain of the wall period. British Museum, London, 1923.
The wares of the Ming Dynasty. Ernest Benn, London, 1923.
The art of the Chinese potter. Ernest Benn, London, 1923. (With A.L. Hetherington)
The later ceramic wares of China: Being the blue and white, famille verte, famille rose, monochromes, etc., of the K'ang Hsi, Yung Cheng, Ch'ien Lung and other periods of the Ch'ing Dynasty. Ernest Benn, London, 1925.
The George Eumorfopoulos collection: Catalogue of the Chinese, Corean and Persian pottery and porcelain. Six volumes. Ernest Benn, London, 1925–28.^[20]
Chinese porcelain & Wedgwood pottery, with other works of ceramic art &c. B.T. Batsford, London, 1928. (A record of the collection in the Lady Lever Art Gallery. Vol. 2.)
Catalogue of the Leonard Gow Collection of Chinese porcelain. George W. Jones, London, 1931. (Limited to 300 copies)^[21]
Chinese ceramics in private collections. Halton & Truscott Smith, 1931. (With Bernard Rackham & William King)

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Mr. R.L. Hobson", The Times, 7 June 1941, p. 6.
1 2 3 4 Venn, J.A. (1947) Alumni cantabrigienses: A biographical list of all known students, graduates and holders of office at the University of Cambridge, from the earliest times to 1900 Part II from 1752 to 1900. Volume III Gabb-Justamond. Cambridge: University Press. p. 392.
↑ "The Hon. Mrs. Robert Hobson", The Times, 14 August 1967, p. 8.
↑ Robert Lockhart Hobson. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
↑ "Oriental antiquities/Far eastern art" by Craig Clunas in Tani E. Barlow (Ed.) (1997). Formations of colonial modernity in East Asia. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 422. ISBN 0-8223-1943-8.
↑ Supplement to the London Gazette, 1 January 1931, p. 4.
1 2 R L Hobson (Biographical details). British Museum. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
↑ Museum number 1969,0808.2. British Museum. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
↑ Meyer, Karl E. & Shareen Blair Brysac. (2015). The China collectors: America's century-long hunt for Asian art treasures. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 103–104. ISBN 978-1-4668-7929-4.
↑ "Sir Alan Barlow (Biographical details)". British Museum. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
↑ "The reference collection of medieval pottery in the British Museum" by J. Cherry, in The Museum Archaeologist, No. 6 (December 1980), pp. 8–11.
↑ R. L. Hobson, C. B. nature. Retrieved 14 February 2017. Originally published 16 July 1938.
1 2 Qing ceramics. British Museum. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
↑ Kessler, Adam T. (2012). Song blue and white porcelain on the Silk Road. Leiden: BRILL. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-90-04-23127-6.
↑ "Reviewed Work(s): The Wares of the Ming Dynasty by Robert Lockhart Hobson" John Alexander Pope, Artibus Asiae, Vol. 26, No. 2 (1963), pp. 168–170.
↑ Pierson, Stacey. (2013). From object to concept: Global consumption and the transformation of Ming porcelain. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 85–86. ISBN 978-988-8139-83-5.
↑ Catalogue of the George Eumorfopoulos Collection of Chinese, Corean and Persian Pottery. Bauman Rare Books. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
↑ Probate Calendar 1941. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
↑ "Review of Handbook of Marks on Pottery and Porcelain by W. Burton and R. L. Hobson". Nature. 82 (2090): 65. 18 November 1909.
↑ Robert Lockhart Hobson: The George Eumorfopoulos Collection Catalogue of the Chinese, Corean and Persian Pottery and Porcela... (Total: 6 ). Heritage Auctions. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
↑ Lot 359. Christie's. Retrieved 14 February 2017.

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[timesobit-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Mr. R.L. Hobson", The Times, 7 June 1941, p. 6.

[venn-2] 1 2 3 4 Venn, J.A. (1947) Alumni cantabrigienses: A biographical list of all known students, graduates and holders of office at the University of Cambridge, from the earliest times to 1900 Part II from 1752 to 1900. Volume III Gabb-Justamond. Cambridge: University Press. p. 392.

[3] "The Hon. Mrs. Robert Hobson", The Times, 14 August 1967, p. 8.

[4] Robert Lockhart Hobson. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951. Retrieved 11 February 2017.

[Barlow-5] "Oriental antiquities/Far eastern art" by Craig Clunas in Tani E. Barlow (Ed.) (1997). Formations of colonial modernity in East Asia. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 422. ISBN 0-8223-1943-8.

[6] Supplement to the London Gazette, 1 January 1931, p. 4.

[BM-7] 1 2 R L Hobson (Biographical details). British Museum. Retrieved 11 February 2017.

[8] Museum number 1969,0808.2. British Museum. Retrieved 13 February 2017.

[Meyer-9] Meyer, Karl E. & Shareen Blair Brysac. (2015). The China collectors: America's century-long hunt for Asian art treasures. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 103–104. ISBN 978-1-4668-7929-4.

[10] "Sir Alan Barlow (Biographical details)". British Museum. Retrieved 16 March 2017.

[11] "The reference collection of medieval pottery in the British Museum" by J. Cherry, in The Museum Archaeologist, No. 6 (December 1980), pp. 8–11.

[12] R. L. Hobson, C. B. nature. Retrieved 14 February 2017. Originally published 16 July 1938.

[qing-13] 1 2 Qing ceramics. British Museum. Retrieved 11 February 2017.

[Kessler-14] Kessler, Adam T. (2012). Song blue and white porcelain on the Silk Road. Leiden: BRILL. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-90-04-23127-6.

[15] "Reviewed Work(s): The Wares of the Ming Dynasty by Robert Lockhart Hobson" John Alexander Pope, Artibus Asiae, Vol. 26, No. 2 (1963), pp. 168–170.

[Pierson-16] Pierson, Stacey. (2013). From object to concept: Global consumption and the transformation of Ming porcelain. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 85–86. ISBN 978-988-8139-83-5.

[17] Catalogue of the George Eumorfopoulos Collection of Chinese, Corean and Persian Pottery. Bauman Rare Books. Retrieved 18 February 2017.

[18] Probate Calendar 1941. Retrieved 13 February 2017.

[19] "Review of Handbook of Marks on Pottery and Porcelain by W. Burton and R. L. Hobson". Nature. 82 (2090): 65. 18 November 1909.

[20] Robert Lockhart Hobson: The George Eumorfopoulos Collection Catalogue of the Chinese, Corean and Persian Pottery and Porcela... (Total: 6 ). Heritage Auctions. Retrieved 19 February 2017.

[21] Lot 359. Christie's. Retrieved 14 February 2017.