Richard N. Gardner

Richard N. Gardner
Ambassador Gardner is seated next to President Clinton in this July 8, 1997 photo from Madrid.

United States Ambassador to Italy
In office March 21, 1977 – February 27, 1981
President	Jimmy Carter
Preceded by	John A. Volpe
Succeeded by	Maxwell M. Rabb
United States Ambassador to Spain
In office September 16, 1993 – July 12, 1997
President	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr.
Succeeded by	Edward L. Romero

Personal details
Born	Richard Newton Gardner (1927-07-09) July 9, 1927 New York City
Nationality	American
Spouse(s)	Danielle L. Gardner
Alma mater	Harvard College
Occupation	professor and diplomat

Richard Newton Gardner (born July 9, 1927) served as the United States Ambassador to Spain and the United States Ambassador to Italy. He is a professor emeritus of law at Columbia Law School.

Education

Gardner graduated Harvard University with a B.A. degree in Economics, a J.D. from Yale Law School, and was a Rhodes Scholar, receiving a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Economics from Oxford.^[1]

References

↑ American Academy of Diplomacy Biography

External links

Appearances on C-SPAN

Diplomatic posts
Preceded by John A. Volpe	United States Ambassador to Italy 1977–1981	Succeeded by Maxwell M. Rabb
Preceded by Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr.	United States Ambassador to Spain 1993–1997	Succeeded by Edward L. Romero

United States Ambassadors to Italy
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Chargé d'Affaires	Nelson Throop Boulware Polk Rowan Morris
Minister Resident	Owen Chandler
Kingdom of Sardinia
Chargé d'Affaires	Rogers Baber Wickliffe Niles Kinney Daniel
Minister Resident	Daniel
Kingdom of Italy
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary	Marsh Astor Stallo Porter Potter
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary	MacVeagh Draper Meyer White Griscom Leishman O'Brien Page Johnson Child Fletcher Garrett Long W. Phillips Wadsworth (chargé d'affaires) Kirk
Italian Republic
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary	Dunn Bunker Luce Zellerbach Reinhardt Ackley Martin Volpe Gardner Rabb Secchia Bartholomew Foglietta Sembler Spogli Thorne J. Phillips Eisenberg

Ambassadors of the United States of America to Spain
Ministers Plenipotentiary to Spain 1779–1825	Jay (1779–82) Carmichael (chargé d'affaires) (1783–94) Short (1794–95) Humphreys (1797–01) Pinckney (1802–04) Erving (chargé d'affaires) (1805–10) Erving (1816–19) Forsyth (1819–23) Nelson (1823–25)
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain 1825–1913	Everett (1825–29) Van Ness (1829–36) Eaton (1836–40) Vail (chargé d'affaires) (1840–42) Irving (1842–46) Saunders (1846–49) Barringer (1849–53) Soulé (1853–55) Dodge (1855–59) Preston (1859–61) Schurz (1861) Koerner (1862–64) Hale (1865–69) Sickles (1869–74) Cushing (1874–77) Lowell (1877–80) Fairchild (1880–81) Hamlin (1881–82) Foster (1883–85) Curry (1885–88) Belmont (1889) Palmer (1889–90) Grubb (1890–92) Snowden (1892–93) Taylor (1893–97) Woodford (1897–98) Storer (1899–02) Hardy (1903–05) Collier (1905–09) Ide (1909–13)
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Spain 1913–present	Willard (1913–21) Woods (1921–23) Moore (1923–25) Hammond (1926–29) Laughlin (1929–33) Bowers (1933–39) Matthews (chargé d'affaires) (1839) Weddell (1939–42) Hayes (1942–45) Armour (1945) Bonsal (chargé d'affaires) (1946–47) Culbertson (chargé d'affaires) (1947–50) Griffis (1951–52) MacVeagh (1952–53) Dunn (1953–55) Lodge (1955–61) Biddle (1961) Woodward (1962–65) Duke (1965–68) Wagner (1968–69) Hill (1969–72) Rivero (1972–74) Penn (1975–78) Todman (1978–83) Enders (1983–86) Bartholomew (1986–89) Zappala (1989–92) Capen (1992–93) Gardner (1993–97) Romero (1997–01) Argyros (2001–2004) Aguirre (2005–09) Solomont (2010–13) Costos (2013–2017) Buchan (2017–present)

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