Richard Le Gallienne

Richard Le Gallienne
Born (1866-01-20)20 January 1866
London, England
Died 15 September 1947(1947-09-15) (aged 81)
Menton, France
Burial place Menton, France
Occupation Poet, author
Years active 1886-1947
Known for The Yellow Book (1894 - 1897)
Quest of the Golden Girl (1896)
Movement Romantic Poetry
Partner(s) Oscar Wilde
Mildred Lee (c.1886-1894, her death)
Julie Nørregaard (1897-1905)
Relatives Hesper Hutchinson (Daughter)
Eva Le Gallienne (Daughter)
Gwen Le Gallienne (Step-Daughter)

Richard Le Gallienne (20 January 1866 – 15 September 1947) was an English author and poet. The British-American actress Eva Le Gallienne (1899–1991) was his daughter, by his second marriage to Danish journalist Julie Nørregaard (1863-1942).

Life and career

He was born Richard Thomas Gallienne in Liverpool, England to a middle class family. He attended the (then) all boys public school Liverpool College. After leaving school he changed his name to Le Gallienne and started work in an accountant's office in London. He soon abandoned this job to become a professional writer with ambitions of being a poet. The book My Ladies' Sonnets appeared in 1887, and in 1889 he became, for a brief time, literary secretary to Wilson Barrett.

He joined the staff of the newspaper The Star in 1891, and wrote for various papers by the name Logroller.[1] He contributed to The Yellow Book, and associated with the Rhymers' Club.

His first wife, Mildred Lee and their second daughter Maria died in 1894 during childbirth, leaving behind Richard and their daughter Hesper. In 1897 he married the Danish journalist Julie Nørregaard. She became stepmother to Hesper and their daughter Eva was born 11 January 1899. In 1903 Nørregaard left Richard, taking both of his daughters to live in Paris. Nørregaard later sent Hesper to live with her paternal grandparents in an affluent part of London, while Eva remained with her mother. Julie later cited his inability to provide a stable home, pay his debts, alcoholism and womanising as grounds for divorce. Their daughter Eva would grow up to take on some of her fathers negative traits including womanising and heavy drinking.[2]

Le Gallienne subsequently became a resident of the United States. He has been credited with the 1906 translation from the Danish of Peter Nansen's Love's Trilogy;[1] but most sources and the book itself attribute it to Julie. They were divorced in June 1911. On 27 October 1911, he married Mrs. Irma Perry, née Hinton, whose previous marriage to her first cousin, the painter and sculptor Roland Hinton Perry, had been dissolved in 1904.[3] Le Gallienne and Irma had known each other for some time, and had jointly published an article as early as 1906.[4] Irma's daughter Gwendolyn Perry subsequently called herself "Gwen Le Gallienne", but was almost certainly not his natural daughter, having been born in 1874.

Le Gallienne and Irma lived in Paris from the late 1920s, where Gwen was by then an established figure in the expatriate bohème[5] and where he wrote a regular newspaper column.[2]

Le Gallienne lived in Menton on the French Riviera during the 1940s.[6] During the Second World War Le Gallienne was prevented from returning to his Menton home and lived in Monaco for the rest of the war.[6] Le Gallienne's house in Menton was occupied by German troops and his library was nearly sent back to Germany as bounty. Le Gallienne appealed to a German officer in Monaco who allowed him to return to Menton to collect his books.[6] During the war Le Gallienne refused to write propaganda for the local German and Italian authorities, and with no income, once collapsed in the street due to hunger.[6]

In later times he knew Llewelyn Powys and John Cowper Powys.

Asked how to say his name, he told The Literary Digest the stress was "on the last syllable: le gal-i-enn'. As a rule I hear it pronounced as if it were spelled 'gallion,' which, of course, is wrong." (Charles Earle Funk, What's the Name, Please?, Funk & Wagnalls, 1936.)

A number of his works are now available online.

He also wrote the foreword to "The Days I Knew" by Lillie Langtry 1925, George H. Doran Company on Murray Hill New York.

Le Gallienne is buried in Menton in a grave whose lease (license No. 738 / B Extension of the Trabuquet Cemetery) does not expire until 2023.

Exhibitions

In 2016 an exhibition on the life and works of Richard Le Gallienne was held at the central library in his home city of Liverpool, England. Entitled "Richard Le Gallienne: Liverpool's Wild(e) Poet", it featured his famous association with the poet Oscar Wilde, his famous actress daughter Eva Le Gallienne and Richard Le Galliennes personal ties to the city. The exhibition ran for 6 weeks between August to October of 2016 and a talk about him was held at the Victorian Literary Symposium during Liverpool's Literary festival the same year.

Works

  • My Ladies' Sonnets and Other Vain and Amatorious Verses (1887)
  • Volumes in Folio (1889) poems
  • George Meredith: Some Characteristics (1890)
  • The Book-Bills of Narcissus (1891)
  • English Poems (1892)
  • The Religion of a Literary Man (1893)
  • Robert Louis Stevenson: An Elegy and Other Poems (1895)
  • Quest of the Golden Girl (1896) novel
  • Prose Fancies (1896)
  • Retrospective Reviews (1896)
  • Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1897)
  • If I Were God (1897)
  • The Romance Of Zion Chapel (1898)
  • In Praise of Bishop Valentine (1898)
  • Young Lives (1899)
  • Sleeping Beauty and Other Prose Fancies (1900)
  • The Worshipper Of The Image (1900)
  • The Love Letters of the King, or The Life Romantic (1901)
  • An Old Country House (1902)
  • Odes from the Divan of Hafiz (1903) translation
  • Old Love Stories Retold (1904)
  • Painted Shadows (1904)
  • Romances of Old France (1905)
  • Little Dinners with the Sphinx and other Prose Fancies (1907)
  • Omar Repentant (1908)
  • Wagner's Tristan and Isolde (1909) Translator
  • Attitudes and Avowals (1910) essays
  • October Vagabonds (1910)
  • New Poems (1910)
  • The Maker of Rainbows and Other Fairy-Tales and Fables (1912)
  • The Lonely Dancer and Other Poems (1913)
  • The Highway to Happiness (1913)
  • Vanishing Roads and Other Essays (1915)
  • The Silk-Hat Soldier and Other Poems in War Time (1915)
  • The Chain Invisible (1916)
  • Pieces of Eight (1918)
  • The Junk-Man and Other Poems (1920)
  • A Jongleur Strayed (1922) poems
  • Woodstock: An Essay (1923)
  • The Romantic '90s (1925) memoirs
  • The Romance of Perfume (1928)
  • There Was a Ship (1930)
  • From a Paris Garret (1936) memoirs
  • The Diary of Samuel Pepys (editor)

Notes

  1. 1 2  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Le Gallienne, Richard". Encyclopædia Britannica. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 373.
  2. 1 2 Arlen J. Hansen (4 Mar 2014). Expatriate Paris: A cultural and Literary Guide to Paris of the 1920s. Skyhorse Publishing. , entry for 89 Rue de Vaugirard
  3. ↑ "RICHARD LE GALLIENNE WEDS P. - oet Married to Mrs. Irma Perry, Divorcee - H - s '/'bird Marriage, - Marriage Announcement - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. 1911-10-28. Retrieved 2017-01-21.
  4. ↑ ""The Laurel of Gossip" by Richard Le Gallienne and Irma Perry, The Smart Set, February 1906". UNZ.org. Retrieved 2017-01-21.
  5. ↑ See e.g. Rachel Hope Cleves. "My generation doesn't eat supper". Rachelhopecleves.com. Retrieved 2017-01-21.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Ted Jones (15 December 2007). The French Riviera: A Literary Guide for Travellers. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. pp. 158–. ISBN 978-1-84511-455-8.

References

  • The Quest of the Golden Boy: : The Life and Letters of Richard Le Gallienne (1960) Geoffrey Smerdon and Richard Whittington-Egan
  • Richard Le Gallienne: A Centenary Memoir-Anthology (1966) Clarence Decker
  • Wikisource Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Le Gallienne, Richard". Encyclopædia Britannica. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 373.
  • "Richard Le Gallienne: A Bibliography of Writings About Him" (1976) Wendell Harris and Rebecca Larsen, English Literature in Transition (1880–1920), vol. 19, no. 2 (1976): 111–32.
  • "Decadence and the Major Poetical Works of Richard Le Gallienne" (1978) Maria F. Gonzalez, Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Miami
  • "Le Gallienne's Paraphrase and the limits of translation" (2011) Adam Talib in FitzGerald’s Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: Popularity and Neglect, edited by Adrian Poole, Christine van Ruymbeke, William H. Martin and Sandra Mason, London: Anthem Press 2011, pp. 175–92.
  • M.G.H. Pittock, "Richard Thomas Le Gallienne", in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (c) Oxford University Press 2004-2014
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