Reichsbund jüdischer Frontsoldaten

Memorial at the Jüdischer Friedhof Köln-Bocklemünd

An RJF leaflet, published in 1920.
Inscription at the top:
To the German mothers!
On the tomb:
12,000 Jewish soldiers fell on the field of honor for the fatherland.
And below:
Christian and Jewish heroes fought side by side and rest side by side in foreign land. 12,000 Jews were killed in action! Furious party hatred does not stop at the graves of the dead. German women, do not tolerate that a Jewish mother is scorned in her grief.

The Reichsbund jüdischer Frontsoldaten (English: "Reich Federation of Jewish Front Soldiers", RJF) was founded in Germany, February 1919, by Leo Löwenstein. Its purpose was opposition to the renewed spread of antisemitic thought which began at that time; one of the standard antisemitic arguments was that Jews were supposedly disloyal to the countries they lived in. German antisemites in particularly claimed that the Jews had stabbed Germany in the back (Dolchstosslegende) in 1918.

Against this, the Reichsbund always emphasized 85,000 Jewish soldiers had fought for the German Empire in World War I, and 12,000 had died, which put their loyalty to Germany beyond any reasonable doubt. They had received 30,000 medals and awards during the war. At its high point the Reichsbund had about 55,000 members.

The Reichsbund always was in opposition to Zionism and regarded the German Reich as the mother country of all German Jews.

All activities of the Reichsbund were outlawed by the Nazi government in 1936, and in 1938 it was completely dissolved.

Quotation

“

The RJF sees the basis of its work as complete allegiance to the German homeland. It does not have any goal or desire outside of this German homeland, and sharply rejects any movement which wishes to bring us German Jews to a position of outsiders in relation to this German homeland.^[1]

”

Literature

Ulrich Dunker: Der Reichsbund jüdischer Frontsoldaten 1919 -1938. Geschichte eines jüdischen Abwehrvereins. Droste, Düsseldorf 1977 ISBN 3-7700-0479-5
Hans-Christian Kokalj: "Kampf um die Erinnerung". Jüdische Frontkämpfer des Ersten Weltkriegs und ihr Widerstand gegen die rechtspopulistische Propaganda in der Weimarer Republik., in: Tobias Arand (Hg.), Die "Urkatastrophe" als Erinnerung. Geschichtskultur des Ersten Weltkriegs, Münster 2006, S. 81-98 ISBN 3-934064-67-1
English notes on Heroische Gestalten Jüdischen Stammes (Erwin Löwe, Berlin 1937)

References

↑ Diaspora and Jewish Self-Understanding (in German): Der RJF sieht die Grundlage seiner Arbeit in einem restlosen Bekenntnis zur deutschen Heimat. Er hat kein Ziel und kein Streben außerhalb dieser deutschen Heimat und wendet sich aufs schärfste gegen jede Bestrebung, die uns deutsche Juden zu dieser deutschen Heimat in eine Fremdstellung bringen will.

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[1] Diaspora and Jewish Self-Understanding (in German): Der RJF sieht die Grundlage seiner Arbeit in einem restlosen Bekenntnis zur deutschen Heimat. Er hat kein Ziel und kein Streben außerhalb dieser deutschen Heimat und wendet sich aufs schärfste gegen jede Bestrebung, die uns deutsche Juden zu dieser deutschen Heimat in eine Fremdstellung bringen will.