Raid on Dhu Amarr

Invasion of Dhi Amr
Date624, 3 AH, Muharram
LocationDhi Amr
Result

Muslim victory

  • Muhammad sends 450 men after the Banu Thalabah and Banu Muharib tribes
  • Tribe members flee into mountains [1]
Belligerents
Muslims of Medina Banu Muharib and Banu Thalabah tribes
Commanders and leaders
Muhammad Unknown
Strength
450 Unknown
Casualties and losses
0 1 captured

The raid on Amarr (Arabic: غزوة ذي أمر‎),[2][3] also known as the Raid on Ghatafan,[4] occurred directly after the Invasion of Sawiq in the year 3 A.H of the Islamic calendar, September 624.[5][6] The expedition was ordered by Muhammad after he received intelligence that the Banu Muharib and Banu Thalabah tribes, were planning to raid the outskirts of Madinah. Therefore, Muhammad launched a pre-emptive strike with 450 men.[1]

When the enemies heard of the imminent arrival of Muhammad, they quickly fled. The Muslims also captured a man who later converted to Islam and acted as their guide.[7]

This event is mentioned in Ibn Hisham's biography of Muhammad, and other historical sources.[1][8] [9][10]

Background

A month after the Invasion of Sawiq, Muhammad learnt that some clans of the Ghatafan tribesmen had gathered troops at Dhu Amar in Nejd. So, Muhammad led an expedition of 450 fighters to search out the enemy and disperse them.He left Uthman in charge of Medina.

This was the largest military exercise led by Muhammad prior to the Battle of Uhud.[4]

Raid

However, the enemy got wind of Muhammad’s departure and took to hiding. Muhammad’s army was able to capture one man who gave information about the Ghatafan’s hideout. The enemy soon heard of Muhammad’s approach and they took sanctuary on the tops of the hills. [4]

Attempted assassination

Attempted assassination in Quran

According to the Muslim scholar Sami Strauch, it is reported in Sahih Bukhari that it was raining, and Muhammad took his garments off and hung it on a tree to dry, while the enemy was watching, Ghwarath ibn al-Harith went to attack Muhammad. He threatened Muhammad with his sword and said "who will protect you from me on this day". Then according to Muslim Scholars the Angel Gabriel came and thumped Ghawrath in the chest and forced him to drop his sword. Muhammad then picked up the sword and said "who will protect you from me".[4]

Ghawrath replied: "no one, and i testify there is no God worthy of worship but Allah" and he then converted to Islam.[4] The Quran says regarding this incident:

Muhammad spent 11 days on this expedition and then returned to Medina.

Attempted assassination in Hadith

Sahih al Bukhari mentions this incident:

[4]

Attempted assassination in Biographical literature

This incident is also mentioned in Ibn Sa'd Kitab Al-tabaqat Al-Kabir, Volume 2.[11]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Mubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman Al (2005), The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet, Darussalam Publications, pp. 286–287, ISBN 978-9960-899-55-8
  2. ↑ Watt, W. Montgomery (1956). Muhammad at Medina. Oxford At The Claredon Press. p. 340.
  3. ↑ J. M. B. Jones (1957). "The Chronology of the "Mag̱ẖāzī"-- A Textual Survey". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 19 (2): 248. doi:10.1017/S0041977X0013304X. JSTOR 610242.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Strauch, Sameh (2006), Biography of the Prophet, Darussalam Publications, p. 472, ISBN 978-9960-9803-2-4
  5. ↑ Tabari, Al (2008), The foundation of the community, State University of New York Press, p. 100, ISBN 978-0-88706-344-2
  6. ↑ Watt, W. Montgomery (1956). Muhammad at Medina. Oxford University Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-19-577307-1. (free online)
  7. ↑ Haykal, Husayn (1976), The Life of Muhammad, Islamic Book Trust, p. 267, ISBN 978-983-9154-17-7
  8. ↑ Za'd al Ma'd 2/90
  9. ↑ Ibn Hisham 2/44 and 45
  10. ↑ Hawarey, Dr. Mosab (2010). The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic). Islamic Book Trust. Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available here
  11. ↑ Sa'd, Ibn (1967). Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2. Pakistan Historical Society. p. 40. ASIN B0007JAWMK. So the apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, put off his two garments and spread them on a tree to be dried and lay himself down (for rest). In the meantime a man from the enemy called Du'that ibn al-Harith came with a sword"
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