Psenulus

Psenulus
Psenulus fuscipennis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Clade:Euarthropoda
Class:Insecta
Order:Hymenoptera
Family:Crabronidae
Subfamily:Pemphredoninae
Tribe:Psenini
Genus:Psenulus
Kohl, 1897
Type species
Psenulus fuscipennis
(Dahlbohm, 1843)

Psenulus is a genus of wasps in the family Crabronidae. The 160 species are found worldwide but are best represented in the Orient with 68, the Palearctic has 26, the Nearctic 4 and the Australia region 3. Psenulus is largely absent from South America (1 species) and entirely absent from Melanesia and Polynesia.[1] A recent phylogenetic analysis provided strong evidence that this genus is the closest living relative to bees.[2]

Species (Europa)

  • Psenulus berlandi Beaumont 1937
  • Psenulus concolor (Dahlbom 1843)
  • Psenulus cypriacus van Lith 1973
  • Psenulus fulvicornis (Schenck 1857)
  • Psenulus fuscipennis (Dahlbom 1843)
  • Psenulus hidalgo Guichard 1990
  • Psenulus laevigatus (Schenck 1857)
  • Psenulus meridionalis Beaumont 1937
  • Psenulus pallipes (Panzer 1798)
  • Psenulus schencki (Tournier 1889)

References

  1. ↑ California Academy of Sciences Institute of Biodiversity pdf
  2. ↑ Peters, Ralph S.; Krogmann, Lars; Mayer, Christoph; Donath, Alexander; Gunkel, Simon; Meusemann, Karen; Kozlov, Alexey; Podsiadlowski, Lars; Petersen, Malte; Lanfear, Robert; Diez, Patricia A.; Heraty, John; Kjer, Karl M.; Klopfstein, Seraina; Meier, Rudolf; Polidori, Carlo; Schmitt, Thomas; Liu, Shanlin; Zhou, Xin; Wappler, Torsten; Rust, Jes; Misof, Bernhard; Niehuis, Oliver (2017). "Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera". Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027.
  • Psenulus images at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
  • Catalog of Sphecidae California Academy of Sciences Institute of Biodiversity
  • Matthews, Robert W (2000). "Nesting biology of the stem-nesting wasp Psenulus interstitialis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) on Magnetic Island, Queensland". Australian Journal of Entomology. 39 (1): 25–8. doi:10.1046/j.1440-6055.2000.00140.x.
  • Yang, Hyeon-Woo; Kim, Jeong-Kyu (2010). "New Record of Psenulus carinifrons iwatai (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) in Korea". Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity. 26 (3): 361–3. doi:10.5635/KJSZ.2010.26.3.361.
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