Pritzker Architecture Prize

Pritzker Architecture Prize
Medal of the Pritzker Architecture Prize
Awarded for A career of achievement in the art of architecture
Sponsored by Hyatt Foundation
Reward(s) US$100,000
First awarded 1979
Last awarded 2018
Website www.pritzkerprize.com

The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually "to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture".[1] Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife Cindy, the award is funded by the Pritzker family and sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation. It is considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes,[2] and is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of architecture.[3][4][5]

The prize is said to be awarded "irrespective of nationality, race, creed, or ideology".[6] The recipients receive US$100,000, a citation certificate, and since 1987, a bronze medallion.[1] The designs on the medal are inspired by the work of architect Louis Sullivan, while the Latin inspired inscription on the reverse of the medallion—firmitas, utilitas, venustas (English: firmness, commodity and delight)—is from Ancient Roman architect Vitruvius. Before 1987, a limited edition Henry Moore sculpture accompanied the monetary prize.[1]

The Executive Director of the prize, Martha Thorne,[7] solicits nominations from a range of people, including past Laureates, academics, critics and others "with expertise and interest in the field of architecture".[6] Any licensed architect can also make a personal application for the prize before November 1 every year. In 1988 Gordon Bunshaft nominated himself for the award and eventually won it.[8] The jury, each year consisting of five to nine "experts ... recognized professionals in their own fields of architecture, business, education, publishing, and culture", deliberate early the following year before announcing the winner in spring.[6] The prize Chair is 2002 winner, Glenn Murcutt; earlier chairs were J. Carter Brown (1979–2002), the Lord Rothschild (2003–2004), and the Lord Palumbo (2005-2015).[9]

Controversy

In 2013, the student organization "Women in Design" at the Harvard Graduate School of Design started a petition on behalf of Denise Scott Brown to receive joint recognition with her partner, past prize winner Robert Venturi, furthering a debate about sexism in architecture. The petition, according to The New York Times has "reignited long-simmering tensions in the architectural world over whether women have been consistently denied the standing they deserve in a field whose most prestigious award was not given to a woman until 2004, when Zaha Hadid won".[10] Although the petition received international support of several past recipients, the jury said that it cannot revisit the work of past juries, in order to acknowledge the work of Denise Scott Brown and Lu Wenyu, both women and equal partners to their spouses Venturi and Wang Shu, who won in 1991 and 2012 respectively.[11] Scott Brown told CNN that "as a woman, she had felt excluded by the elite of architecture throughout her career," and that "the Pritzker Prize was based on the fallacy that great architecture was the work of a 'single lone male genius' at the expense of collaborative work."[12]

Laureates

Inaugural winner Philip Johnson was cited "for 50 years of imagination and vitality embodied in a myriad of museums, theaters, libraries, houses, gardens and corporate structures".[13] The 2004 laureate Zaha Hadid was the first female prize winner.[14] Ryue Nishizawa became the youngest winner in 2010 at age 44.[15] Partners in architecture (in 2001, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, and in 2010, Kazuyo Sejima and Nishizawa) have shared the award. In 1988, Gordon Bunshaft and Oscar Niemeyer were both separately honored with the award.[16] The 2017 winners, architects Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramón Vilalta [17] were the first group of three to share the prize.[18] The 2018 laureate was architect B.V. Doshi from India.[19]

No.YearLaureateNationalityPhotoExample work (year completed)Ceremony locationRef.
11979Philip JohnsonUnited StatesThe inaugural laureate Philip Johnson behind an architectural modelGlass House (1949)Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC[20]
21980Luis BarragánMexicoTorres de Satélite (1957)Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC[5]
31981James StirlingUnited KingdomSeeley Historical Library (1968)National Building Museum, Washington DC[21]
41982Kevin RocheUnited StatesKnights of Columbus Building (1969)Art Institute of Chicago[3][A]
51983Ieoh Ming PeiUnited StatesNational Gallery of Art, East Building (1978)Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City[22][B]
61984Richard MeierUnited StatesHigh Museum of Art (1983)National Gallery of Art, Washington DC[3]
71985Hans HolleinAustriaAbteiberg Museum (1982)The Huntington Library, San Marino, California[3]
81986Gottfried BöhmGermany (West Germany)Christi Auferstehung, Cologne (1968)Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, London[3]
91987Kenzō TangeJapanSt. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo (1964)Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas[23]
101988Gordon Bunshaft
(shared prize)		United States
–
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (1963)Art Institute of Chicago[3][24]
Oscar Niemeyer
(shared prize)		BrazilCathedral of Brasília (1958)[3][24]
111989Frank GehryCanada
United States		Walt Disney Concert Hall (2003)Tōdai-ji, Nara, Japan[22][C]
121990Aldo RossiItalyBonnefanten Museum (1990)Palazzo Grassi, Venice[25]
131991Robert VenturiUnited StatesNational Gallery, Sainsbury Wing (1991)Palace of Iturbide, Mexico City[26]
141992Álvaro Siza VieiraPortugalPavilion of Portugal in Expo'98 (1998)Harold Washington Library, Chicago[27]
151993Fumihiko MakiJapanTokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (1991)Prague Castle[23]
161994Christian de PortzamparcFrance
–
French Embassy, Berlin (2003)The Commons, Columbus, Indiana[28]
171995Tadao AndoJapanChurch of the Light (1989)Palace of Versailles[29]
181996Rafael MoneoSpainKursaal Palace (1999)Getty Center, Los Angeles[22]
191997Sverre FehnNorway
–
Norwegian Glacier Museum (1991)Guggenheim Museum Bilbao[30]
201998Renzo PianoItalyKansai International Airport (1994)White House, Washington DC[31]
211999Norman FosterUnited Kingdom1999 winner Norman Foster, giving a speech behind a lecturnMillennium Bridge (London) (2000)Altes Museum, Berlin[22]
222000Rem KoolhaasNetherlandsCasa da Música, Porto (2003)Jerusalem Archaeological Park[32]
232001Jacques Herzog & Pierre de MeuronSwitzerland
–
Tate Modern (2000)Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia[33]
242002Glenn MurcuttAustraliaBerowra Waters Inn (1983)Campidoglio, Rome[34]
252003Jørn UtzonDenmark
–
Sydney Opera House (1973)Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, Madrid[35]
262004Zaha HadidIraq
United Kingdom		 Contemporary Arts Center (2003)Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg[22][D]
272005Thom MayneUnited States
–
San Francisco Federal Building (2007)Pritzker Pavilion, Chicago[36]
282006Paulo Mendes da RochaBrazilSaint Peter Chapel, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo (1987)Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul[37]
292007Richard RogersUnited KingdomLloyd's building (1986)Banqueting House, Whitehall, London[38][E]
302008Jean NouvelFranceTorre Agbar (2005)Library of Congress, Washington DC[22][39]
312009Peter ZumthorSwitzerland
–
Therme Vals (1996)Legislative Palace of the City Council, Buenos Aires[22][40]
322010Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa
(SANAA)		Japan21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa (2003)Ellis Island, New York City
332011Eduardo Souto de MouraPortugalEstádio Municipal de Braga (2004)Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium, Washington DC[41]
342012Wang ShuChinaNingbo Museum (2008)Great Hall of the People, Beijing[42]
352013Toyo ItoJapanSendai Mediatheque (2001)John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston[43]
362014Shigeru BanJapanCentre Pompidou-Metz (2010)Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam[44]
372015Frei OttoGermany
–
Olympic Stadium, Munich (1972)New World Center, Miami[45][46] [†]
382016Alejandro AravenaChileSiamese Towers, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (2005)United Nations Headquarters, New York City[47][48]
392017Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramón Vilalta
(RCR Arquitectes)		Spain
–
Sant Antoni Library, Barcelona (2008)Akasaka Palace, Tokyo[49]
40 2018 B. V. Doshi India Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (1977–1992, multiple phases) Aga Khan Museum, Toronto [50]

Table notes

A. a Roche was born in Ireland.[51]
B. b Pei was born in China.[52]
C. c Gehry was born in Canada.[53]
D. d Hadid was born in Iraq.[54]
E. e Rogers was born in Italy.[55]
F. † Posthumous award.

See also

References

General

  • "Past laureates". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Retrieved March 17, 2013.

Specific

  1. 1 2 3 "History and Purpose/Ceremony". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  2. ↑ Pollard, Lawrence (April 13, 2009). "Swiss architect wins top honour". BBC News. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Goldberger, Paul (May 28, 1988). "Architecture View; What Pritzker Winners Tell Us About the Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  4. ↑ McLean, Pauline (June 9, 2011). "Riverside Museum architect visits 'sophisticated shed'". BBC News. Archived from the original on December 4, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
  5. 1 2 Endicott, Katherine (October 14, 2006). "The Mexican garden revisited". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 19, 2011. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  6. 1 2 3 "Nomination Process". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  7. ↑ "2009 Jury Members". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
  8. ↑ "Cityscapes: How to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize: Practice, practice, practice (and don't be shy about nominating yourself)". chicagotribune.com. Archived from the original on April 3, 2010.
  9. ↑ "Jury". The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  10. ↑ "Partner Without the Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
  11. ↑ "Pritzker Architecture Prize Committee Denies Honors for Denise Scott Brown". architectmagazine.com. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved June 18, 2013.
  12. ↑ Catriona Davies (May 29, 2013). "Denise Scott Brown: Architecture favors 'lone male genius' over women". CNN. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013.
  13. ↑ "Philip Johnson – 1979 Laureate – Jury Citation". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on April 16, 2009. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
  14. ↑ "Hadid designs landmark building". BBC News. January 15, 2005. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
  15. ↑ "Pritzker Architecture Prize 1984 Announcement". The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on June 1, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
  16. ↑ Kamin, Blair (March 1, 2017). "Pritzker Architecture Prize goes to 3 people — a Spanish team that blends old and new". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  17. ↑ Wainwright, Oliver (March 1, 2017). "Pritzker architecture prize won by little known Catalan trio". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  18. ↑ "Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta". Pritzker Architecture Prize. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  19. ↑ Rajghatta, Chidanand (March 7, 2017). "Indian architect BV Doshi wins 'Nobel for architecture'". The Times of India. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  20. ↑ "People – In the News". Milwaukee Sentinel. Associated Press. May 23, 1979. p. 2. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  21. ↑ Reynolds, Nigel (March 23, 2004). "Top prize for architect who is ignored by fellow British". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on March 17, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pilkington, Ed (April 14, 2009). "Swiss architect untouched by fad or fashion wins prized Pritzker award". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 6, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  23. 1 2 Muschamp, Herbert (April 26, 1993). "Pritzker Prize for Japanese Architect". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  24. 1 2 "The Pritzker Architecture Prize Celebrates its Tenth Anniversary Honoring Two Laureates for 1988". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015.
  25. ↑ Iovine, Julie (September 5, 1997). "Aldo Rossi, Architect of Monumental Simplicity, Dies at 66". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  26. ↑ Blau, Eleanor (April 8, 1991). "Robert Venturi Is to Receive Pritzker Architecture Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 27, 2010. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  27. ↑ Ribeiro, Ana Maria (February 24, 2009). "Siza Vieira fala para casa cheia". Correio da Manhã (in Portuguese). Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  28. ↑ Muschamp, Herbert (May 2, 1994). "Priztker prize goes to French architect for the first time". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  29. ↑ Viladas, Pilar (August 19, 2001). "Fashion's New Religion". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 22, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2009.
  30. ↑ Samaniego, Fernando (June 1, 1997). "El noruego Sverre Fehn recibe el Pritzker de Arquitectura en el museo Guggenheim Bilbao". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  31. ↑ Muschamp, Herbert (April 20, 1998). "Renzo Piano Wins Architecture's Top Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  32. ↑ "Koolhaas receives 'Nobel of architecture' in Jerusalem". CNN. May 29, 2000. Archived from the original on February 1, 2011. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  33. ↑ "Herzog & de Meuron Propose Castle in The Sky for Hamburg". Das Spiegel. June 14, 2005. Archived from the original on August 30, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  34. ↑ "Top honour for Australian architect". BBC News. April 16, 2002. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  35. ↑ "Prize for Opera House designer". BBC News. April 7, 2003. Archived from the original on March 27, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  36. ↑ "Paris skyscraper to rival tower". BBC News. November 28, 2006. Archived from the original on September 30, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  37. ↑ Forgey, Benjamin (April 9, 2006). "Brazilian wins Pritzker Prize". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  38. ↑ Glancey, Jonathan (March 29, 2007). "Rogers takes the 'Nobel for architecture'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
  39. ↑ "Nouvel wins top architect's prize". BBC News. March 31, 2008. Archived from the original on May 21, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
  40. ↑ Pogrebin, Robin (April 12, 2009). "Pritzker Prize Goes to Peter Zumthor". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
  41. ↑ Taylor, Kate (March 28, 2011). "Souto de Moura Wins 2011 Pritzker Architecture Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 1, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
  42. ↑ Basulto, David (February 2012). "2012 Pritzker Prize: Wang Shu". Arch Daily. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
  43. ↑ Hawthorne, Christopher (March 17, 2013). "Japanese architect Toyo Ito, 71, wins Pritzker Prize". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 18, 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  44. ↑ Hawthorne, Christopher (March 24, 2014). "Architect Shigeru Ban, known for disaster relief, wins Pritzker Prize". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  45. ↑ "Frei Otto, 2015 Laureate". Pritzker Architecture Prize. March 10, 2015. Archived from the original on March 11, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2015.
  46. ↑ Pritzker Prize for Frei Otto, German Architect, Announced After His Death Archived February 3, 2018, at the Wayback Machine., Robin Pogrebin, The New York Times, March 10, 2015
  47. ↑ "Announcement". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
  48. ↑ "Ceremony". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on January 16, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
  49. ↑ "Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta | The Pritzker Architecture Prize". www.pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  50. ↑ "The Pritzker Architecture Prize". www.pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  51. ↑ "Architecture Award to Kevin Roche". The New York Times. December 14, 1992. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2009.
  52. ↑ Barboza, David (October 9, 2006). "I. M. Pei in China, Revisiting Roots". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 12, 2011. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
  53. ↑ "Frank O. Gehry. (American, born Canada 1929)". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved July 26, 2009.
  54. ↑ "Zaha Hadid. (British, born Iraq, 1950)". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved July 26, 2009.
  55. ↑ "Richard Rogers, Architect". The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2014.

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