Postage stamps and postal history of Montenegro

An 1896 stamp of Montenegro

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Montenegro.

Early postal history

During the first part of the 19th century private letters from Montenegro are very rare. It is mainly official and ecclesiastical letters carried by couriers that are to be found.[1]

Austrian post offices and Military post

ANTIVARI cancel on the 1867 issue

In 1854 an Austrian Post Office, operated by Österreichischer Lloyd, was opened in Antivari, then in the Ottoman Empire, now known as Bar; this office was closed in 1878 when the town was returned to Montenegro. The stamps used during this period were the issues for Austrian post offices in the Ottoman Empire.[2]

March 1917 overprint

Austria-Hungary occupied Montenegro in 1915. Austro-Hungarian Military Post stamps were overprinted Montenegro and issued in 1917. Only 2 stamps were officially issued issued by Austria-hungary during World War I on 1 March 1917: 10 heller and 15 heller of Military post Feldpostmarken with a double vertical overprint K.u.K. Milit.-Verwaltung Montenegro.[3] The general public, however, used stamps of Austria during the occupation[4]

Non-official overprint

Stamps with horizontal Montenegro overprint are not official nicht verausgabte, and were printed for the first anniversary of Austrian troops occupation[5]

First stamps of Montenegro

An 1874 stamp of Montenegro

The first stamps to be issued by Montenegro were in 1874 which coincided with the opening of the first post office for public use.[1] The design of the stamps had a bust of Prince Nicholas. In 1893 seven different values of the existing stamps were overprinted to commemorate the 400th Anniversary of introduction of printing into Montenegro. In 1896 a range of 12 stamps were issued for the bicentenary of the Petrovich Niegush dynasty. 1902 saw the introduction of new currency and new stamps with a new design and a new bust of Prince Nicholas.

Montenegro was one of the few European countries to issue a stamp for the Avis de réception service.[6]

Twentieth century

In 1905 a new Constitution was passed in Montenegro and this resulted in existing stamps being overprinted to commemorate the event. Another change in currency in 1907 produced new stamps with another design incorporating the bust of Prince Nicholas.

On the 50th anniversary of the reign of Prince Nicholas, in 1910, he was crowned King of Montenegro and the principality was proclaimed a kingdom.[7] This resulted in a new range of stamps being issued to commemorate this event.

In 1912 a new set of definitive stamps incorporating the bust of King Nicholas was issued.

On 13 November 1918 Montenegro was united with Serbia. In 1922 it became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Then in 1929 this became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Montenegro was occupied by Italy in 1941 and then Germany in 1943; they established the Protectorate of Montenegro in 1941 and issuing of stamps resumed until 1944. After 1944 Montenegro became a part of Yugoslavia with no separate stamp issues.

Independence

Upon its independence in 2006 the country again resumed issuing its own stamps.

Postal stationery

An 1895 postal card of Montenegro.

The postal stationery issued by Montenegro used the same designs as those used for stamps.

Postcards were first issued in 1888, envelopes and newspaper wrappers in 1893, and lettercards in 1894. The design of all these was the bust of Prince Nicholas as first used for stamps in 1874.[8]

In 1893, only envelopes and postcards were overprinted to commemorate the 400th anniversary of introduction of printing into Montenegro.

In 1896 all the different items of stationery were issued for 200th anniversary of Petrovich Niegush Dynasty.

The 1902 new stamp design of the bust of Prince Nicholas was also employed on all the items of postal stationery.

In 1906, envelopes, lettercards and postcards were overprinted to commemorate the granting of the constitution.

The 1907 and 1912 (in 1913) stamp designs were also used on all four items of postal stationery.

References

  1. 1 2 The Postal History of Montenegro 1799–1916. Retrieved 17 October 2009
  2. ↑ The Austrian Post Offices in the Ottoman Empire. Retrieved 17 October 2009
  3. ↑ Österreich 1850–1918, Spezialkatalog und Handbuch, von Dr. Ulrich FERCHENBAUER, Wien 1981, p.397
  4. ↑ Reference needed.
  5. ↑ Ferchenbauer, p.398.
  6. ↑ Challenge of acknowledgment of receipt stamps is use on cover by Janet Klug, linns.com, 13 May 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2013. Archived here.
  7. ↑ Montenegro under Nicholas I Petrović. Retrieved 17 October 2009
  8. ↑ Higgins & Gage World Postal Stationery Catalog

Further reading

  • Brunel, Georges. Les Timbres-poste du Monténégro. Bischwiller: "Timbre-poste", 1926 19p.
  • Fleck, Vladimir. Die Briefmarken von Montenegro. Frankfurt am Main: [Arbeitsgemeinschaft Neues Handbuch der Briefmarkenkunde], 1962 52p.
  • Phillips, Stanley. "Montenegro: A Reference List with Notes." Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal. Vol. 17 Nos. 200 & 201 (Feb. & Mar. 1907).
  • Robinson, Keith. The Postal History of Independent Montenegro. U.K.: Yugoslavia Study Group, 2013.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.