Polygonum shastense

Polygonum shastense
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Family:Polygonaceae
Genus:Polygonum
Species: P. shastense
Binomial name
Polygonum shastense

Polygonum shastense is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family known by the common name Shasta knotweed. It is native to sections of southwestern Oregon, northwestern Nevada, and northern and central California,[1] where it grows in rocky and gravelly mountainous habitat up to 3300 meters (11,000 feet) elevation.[2] It is most common in the Sierra Nevada.[3] The species name refers to its occurrence on Mount Shasta in Shasta County, California.[4]

Description

Polygonum shastense is a rather elegant small perennial shrub producing branching tough, gnarled brown stems reaching a maximum length of 40 centimeters (16 inches), growing prostrate along the ground or somewhat upright. The bases of old plants can be wide, woody and gray (see image above left).[5]

The leaves lining the slender but rough stems are uniform in size and distribution, not clustered or reduced in size near stem tips. They are lance-shaped with two parallel veins separating three raised areas on the upper surface (see closeup at left), each leaf measuring 5 to 8 millimeters (0.20–0.32 inches) long.[2] Leaves emerge curled slightly and folded in half lengthwise. Leaves have stipules which are widened into membranous ochrea wrapped around the leaf bases.[5]

Flowers occur in clusters in upper leaf axils. Each is just under a centimeter wide and has five rounded petals, either white with a green stripe or pink with a dark stripe. There are 5–8 stamens and a triangular pistil with a 3-lobed style. Plants may have either all white, all pink, or a mixture of flower colors.[5]

Leaves, with folds & parallel veins
P. shastense low plant
Flower & stem closeup

References

  1. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  2. 1 2 Norman F. Weeden (1996). A Sierra Nevada Flora (4th ed.). Berkeley: Wilderness Press. ISBN 0-89997-204-7.
  3. ↑ Calflora taxon report, University of California, Polygonum shastense A. Gray, Shasta knotweed
  4. ↑ Brewer, William Henry. 1872. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 8: 400, in footnote
  5. 1 2 3 Flora of North America, Polygonum shastense W. H. Brewer, 1872. Shasta knotweed

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