Fallopia multiflora

Fallopia multiflora
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Family:Polygonaceae
Genus:Fallopia
Species: F. multiflora
Binomial name
Fallopia multiflora
(Thunb.) Haraldson 1978
Synonyms[1][2]

Fallopia multiflora (also known as Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke,[2] Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., tuber fleeceflower,[3] or Chinese knotweed) is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. It is native to central and southern China.[4][5]

Description

Fallopia multiflora is a herbaceous perennial vine growing to 2–4 m (6 ft 7 in–13 ft 1 in) tall from a woody tuber. The leaves are 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in) long and 2–5 cm (0.79–1.97 in) broad, broad arrowhead-shaped, with an entire margin. The flowers are 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) diameter, white or greenish-white, produced on short, dense panicles up to 10–20 cm (3.9–7.9 in) long in summer to mid autumn. The fruit is an achene 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long.[4]

Traditional medicine

Fallopia multiflora is listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is one of the most popular perennial traditional Chinese medicines. It is known as He shou wu in China and East Asia.[6] Another name for Fallopia multiflora is Fo-ti.[7][8][9] Overconsumption can lead to toxicity-induced hepatitis.[10]

Chemistry

More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Fallopia multiflora, and the major components have been determined to be stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids, and others. Its extract contains a stilbene glycoside.[11]

References

  1. ↑ Tropicos, Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson
  2. 1 2 "The Plant List, Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanic Garden.
  3. ↑ "Polygonum multiflorum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  4. 1 2 "Fallopia multiflora". Flora of China.
  5. ↑ "Fallopia multiflora". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  6. ↑ Bounda, G. A; Feng, Y (2015). "Review of clinical studies of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. And its isolated bioactive compounds". Pharmacognosy Research. 7 (3): 225–236. doi:10.4103/0974-8490.157957. PMC 4471648. PMID 26130933.
  7. ↑ "Fo-ti". WebMD.
  8. ↑ Lin, Longfei; Ni, Boran; Lin, Hongmei; Zhang, Miao; etc. (15 January 2015). "Traditional usages, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.: A review". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 159: 158–183. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.009.
  9. ↑ "Polygonum multiflorum and liver reactions". MHRA. 2006. Archived from the original on 2014-12-05.
  10. ↑ Jung, KA; Min, HJ; Yoo, SS; Kim, HJ; Choi, SN; Ha, CY; Kim, HJ; Kim, TH; et al. (2011). "Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Twenty Five Cases of Acute Hepatitis Following Ingestion of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb". Gut and liver. 5 (4): 493–9. doi:10.5009/gnl.2011.5.4.493. PMC 3240794. PMID 22195249.
  11. ↑ Tang, J (2007). "Antioxidant activity of stilbene glycoside from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb in vivo". Food Chemistry. 104: 1678–1681. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.022.
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