Peter Guber

Peter Guber
Born Howard Peter Guber
(1942-03-01) March 1, 1942[1]
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.[1]
Alma mater Syracuse University (BA),
New York University (JD and LLM)
Occupation Producer, executive, entrepreneur
Years active 1977present
Spouse(s) Tara Gellis(m. 1964)
Children 4

Howard Peter Guber (born March 1, 1942)[1] is an executive, entrepreneur, educator, and author. He is Chairman and CEO of Mandalay Entertainment. Guber's most recent films from Mandalay Entertainment include The Kids Are All Right, Soul Surfer, and Bernie. He has also produced Rain Man, Batman, The Color Purple, Midnight Express, Gorillas in the Mist, The Witches of Eastwick, Missing, and Flashdance. Guber's films have earned over $3 billion worldwide and 50 Academy Award nominations.[2]

Guber is also a co-owner of four professional sports teams: the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA), the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball, the Major League Soccer team Los Angeles FC, and the professional eSports organization aXiomatic Gaming, that acquired controlling interest in one of the world's premier esports team franchises, Team Liquid.[3]

Guber is Chairman of Dick Clark Productions, which produces the American Music Awards, Golden Globe Awards, and other programs. He is Chairman of the Strategic Board and an Investor in NextVR and is Chairman of Mandalay Sports Media. He is co-executive Chairman of aXiomatic, a broad-based esports and gaming company. He is a Regent of the University of California and a professor at the UCLA School of Theater Film and Television and the UCLA Anderson School of Management and an Entertainment and Media Analyst for Fox Business News.

Peter Guber's most recent business book, Tell to Win – Connect, Persuade, and Triumph with the Hidden Power of Story, became a #1 New York Times bestseller.

Guber is also noted for other books which include Inside The Deep and Shootout: Surviving Fame and (Mis)Fortune in Hollywood, which became a television series on AMC called Shootout; Guber hosted the show from 2003 to 2008 with Peter Bart, editor of Variety. Guber wrote the cover article for the Harvard Business Review, "The Four Truths of the Storyteller."

Early life

Guber was born to a Jewish family in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Ruth (née Anshen) and Sam Guber (married 1929).[4] His father owned a junk business in Somerville, Massachusetts. As a child, Guber was noted as a "very smart, wired kid" by a childhood acquaintance. He attended John Ward Elementary School and Newton North High School.[5]:p. 61–62 Guber's childhood included a love of the Boston Red Sox and Fenway Park, which foreshadowed his later participation in the group that purchased the Los Angeles Dodgers.[6]

Following high school graduation, Guber enrolled in the pre-law curriculum at Syracuse University. He played intramural football and rushed the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity.[5]:p.62–63 Guber spent his junior year abroad at Syracuse's Florence, Italy campus. At Syracuse he met his future wife, Tara Lynda Francine Gellis[5]:p.64[7][8] whom he married in 1964.[9]

Guber enrolled at New York University, where he earned his J.D. and LL.M. law degrees, studying for his MBA at night.[5]:p.64 As he neared graduation in 1968, Guber accepted a position with Columbia Pictures, which was keen to recruit him, as a management trainee.[5]:p.64–65

Career

Columbia Pictures

Guber joined Columbia Pictures in 1968. At Columbia, Guber, an early proponent of computerization and entertainment technologies, began computerizing files on working actors and made available tape-recorded summaries of scripts for other executives to listen to while driving to work.[5]:p.68–69 A year after arriving at Columbia, Guber, having witnessed a demonstration of an early video cassette machine, published "The New Ballgame/The Cartridge Revolution," a "prescient" analysis of the changes to be wrought by home video technology, in the journal Cinema.[5]:p.69–70

Guber was transferred to the business affairs division.[5]:p.71 Guber paid to fly himself to Columbia's New York City office and successfully argued for his promotion to vice-president of creative affairs.[5]:p.71–72 Shortly thereafter Guber was named head of American production.[5]:p.73 In August 1973 he was promoted to vice-president of worldwide production. Steven Spielberg noted that he "used to go to (Guber's) office at Columbia when (he) was just starting. (Guber) had an enormous chart on (his) wall with what every director in the world was planning that listed their pictures in development and planned for production." It made a lasting impression on Spielberg.[10]

During his time at Columbia the studio released, among other films, Shampoo, Taxi Driver, Tommy, and The Way We Were. Upon leaving Columbia in 1975, Guber was given a three-year production deal with the studio.

Independent producer

Guber launched his career as an independent film producer with The Deep (1977), which became the second highest-grossing film of the year.[5]:p.86 Guber also bought the rights and served as executive producer for Midnight Express (1978). Produced by Alan Marshall and David Puttnam, the film earned seven Academy Award nominations including Best Picture. The National Association of Theater Owners named Guber Producer of the Year.

Casablanca Record and Filmworks

In 1976 Guber merged his company Filmworks with Casablanca Records, headed by Neil Bogart, to form Casablanca Record and Filmworks, Inc. Guber became chairman while Bogart remained President of the combined company. Their record operation included Kiss, Donna Summer, Captain and Tennille, The Village People, and George Clinton's Parliament-Funkadelic. It also released soundtracks such as Midnight Express, Endless Love, and Flashdance. During this period, Guber also produced several television shows and series, including Television and the Presidency (1984) with Theodore H. White, the 1985 documentary series Oceanquest for NBC, and the 1980 special Mysteries of the Sea for ABC.

PolyGram Filmed Entertainment and the Guber-Peters Company

In 1979, Guber formed PolyGram's motion picture and television division where he was Chairman of the Board and CEO. He sold his interest in PolyGram in 1983 and formed and served as co-owner of the Guber-Peters Company (GPC) along with producer Jon Peters.

Films on which Guber served as producer or executive producer have earned more than $3 billion in worldwide revenue and more than 50 Academy Award nominations, including four Best Picture nominations. Guber's producing credits include Rain Man, Batman, Gorillas in the Mist, The Color Purple, Innerspace, The Witches of Eastwick, Flashdance, Missing, Tango & Cash and An American Werewolf in London.

This period of Guber's career was marked by sharp deal making which was often successful. With The Witches of Eastwick Guber was accused by producer Rob Cohen, who had originally approached Guber with the book, of having "bought the book out from under me" after negotiations had begun.[5]:p.136–7But Guber's deal with Cohen allowed him to buy out the producer, and Cohen was advised that if he sued, he would lose.[5]:p.134

Sony Pictures

In 1988, GPC became a public company when they merged with game show production company Barris Industries and on September 7, 1989, Barris Industries was renamed Guber-Peters Entertainment Company.[11] On September 29, 1989, GPEC was acquired by Sony Corporation and Guber became chairman of the board and CEO of Columbia Pictures Entertainment (now Sony Pictures Entertainment). The sale was completed on November 9, 1989 a day after Sony acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment. During Guber's tenure at SPE, the company produced and distributed many prime time, half-hour comedy television series, with shows including Married... with Children, Designing Women, and Seinfeld (all launched prior to Guber's arrival), and Mad About You and The Nanny.

During Guber's tenure as chairman and CEO, SPE's Motion Picture Group achieved, over four years, an industry-best domestic box office market share, which averaged seventeen percent. During the same period, Sony Pictures led all competitors with 120 Academy Award nominations, the highest four-year total ever for a single company.[12] Some of SPE's motion picture credits at this time include Awakenings, Misery, Flatliners, Terminator 2, Boyz n the Hood, City Slickers, Basic Instinct, A League of Their Own, Single White Female, A River Runs Through It, A Few Good Men, Sleepless in Seattle, In the Line of Fire, Groundhog Day and Philadelphia.

Mandalay Entertainment

In 1995, Guber, as part of his severance agreement from Sony, formed Mandalay Entertainment as a joint venture with his former employer. The multimedia entertainment company has interests in motion pictures, television, sports entertainment and digital media.[13]

Mandalay Pictures

Mandalay Pictures, a division of Mandalay Entertainment Group, produces motion pictures for the global marketplace. Mandalay's primary distributor relationship is through a first look deal with Universal Pictures.

TitleRelease DateActorsDirector
When the Game Stands Tall2014Jim Caviezel, Alexander Ludwig, Michael ChiklisThomas Carter
Wild Things1998Kevin Bacon, Matt Dillon, Neve CampbellJohn McNaughton
Les Misérables1998Liam Neeson, Geoffrey Rush, Uma ThurmanBille August
I Know What You Did Last Summer1997Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Anne HecheJim Gillespie
Donnie Brasco1997Al Pacino, Johnny Depp, Michael MadsenMike Newell
Seven Years in Tibet1997Brad Pitt, David Thewlis, BD WongJean-Jacques Annaud

Mandalay Vision

Mandalay Vision is Mandalay Entertainment Group's independent development, production and financing label. Mandalay Vision's first release, The Kids Are All Right (2010), directed by Lisa Cholodenko and starring Julianne Moore, Annette Bening and Mark Ruffalo, won the Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy, and was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture.

Mandalay Vision produced Bernie (2011), directed by Richard Linklater and starring Jack Black, Matthew McConaughey and Shirley MacLaine.[14] Bernie debuted at #1 on general release in April 2012 with the best per-theater average for a limited release. Jack Black received a Golden Globe nomination, and the film gained two Spirit Award nominations as well as a Best Picture nomination at the 2012 Gotham Awards.[15][16]

TitleReleasedActorsDirector
Drawn of the Dead2016Taran Killam, Jamie Kennedy, Mae WhitmanKevin Finn
The Voices2015Anna Kendrick, Gemma Arterton, Ryan ReynoldsMarjane Satrapi
Horns2013Juno Temple, Daniel Radcliffe, Heather GrahamAlexandre Aja
Bernie2011Jack Black, Shirley MacLaine, Matthew McConaugheyRichard Linklater
Salvation Boulevard2011Pierce Brosnan, Jennifer Connelly, Greg KinnearGeorge Ratliff
Another Happy Day2011Ellen Barkin, Ellen Burstyn, Kate BosworthSam Levinson
Vanishing on 7th Street2010Hayden Christensen, Thandie Newton, John LeguizamoBrad Anderson
The Whistleblower2011Rachel Weisz, Vanessa Redgrave, David StrathairnLarysa Kondracki
Soul Surfer2010AnnaSophia Robb, Dennis Quaid, Helen HuntSean McNamara
The Kids Are All Right2010Annette Bening, Julianne Moore, Mark RuffaloLisa Cholodenko

Mandalay Series Television

Mandalay Television Pictures produces television movies-of-the-week and mini-series.[17]

TitleReleasedProduced For
Dean Koontz's Intensity2003Fox
Get to the Heart (The Barbara Mandrell Story)1997CBS
Final Descent1997CBS
Medusa's Child1997ABC
Bad As I Wanna Be1998ABC
Ali, King of the World2000ABC
Sole Survivor2011Fox
First Daughter2004Turner
The Linda McCartney Story2000CBS

Mandalay Television's Blood Crime, starring James Caan and Jonathan Schaech, was USA network's highest rated (Crime Friday) movie for 2002.

From best-selling author Nora Roberts, Peter Guber adapted a number of books into Lifetime movies.[18] More than 34 million viewers turned in to the first collection of four movies: Angels Fall, Blue Smoke, Carolina Moon and Montana Sky.[19]

Following the initial Nora Roberts' adaptations, Mandalay Television produced the Nora Roberts II Collection, with four more all-new original movies: Northern Lights, Midnight Bayou, High Noon and Tribute. The second collection was seen by over 49 million viewers, and Northern Lights was one of the top rated cable movies in 2009.[20] Mandalay Television completed the ninth installment in the franchise, Carnal Innocence, starring Gabrielle Anwar, which premiered on Lifetime in June 2011.[21]

Mandalay Sports Entertainment

Peter Guber serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors and is the Managing Partner of Mandalay Baseball LLC, which is a joint venture with ownership of the Los Angeles Dodgers that recently acquired the Triple-A affiliated Minor League Baseball franchise in Oklahoma City, and commencing with the 2015 baseball season, will become the Triple-A affiliate of the Dodgers.[22]

He also continues to serve as the Chairman of the Board of Directors for Mandalay Baseball Properties, which has owned, operated and is currently divesting a national array of affiliated Minor League Baseball franchises and venues. Among the professional sports franchises that have been recently divested by Mandalay Baseball Properties are the Dayton Dragons, a Single-A affiliate of the Cincinnati Reds which broke the all-time North American professional sports record for consecutive sell outs in 2011 with 815 games encompassing 12 seasons, and in August 2014 was sold for the highest price ever paid for a Minor League Baseball franchise.[23]

Mandalay Baseball Properties continues to own and operate the Erie SeaWolves, a Double-A affiliate of the Detroit Tigers.

Mandalay Sports Media

In 2012, Guber and Mandalay Entertainment partnered with CAA Sports and Mike Tollin to create Mandalay Sports Media.[24] The sports media business creates, finances, and acquires operating businesses, intellectual property, and varied enterprises within the sports and media sectors, as well as develops sports-themed entertainment programming for distribution across film, television, mobile and digital.[25]

In October 2014, Mandalay Sports Media invested in and became the largest shareholder in OYO Sports, a "fan engagement" company that produces buildable mini-replicas of athletes from major professional sports leagues including the MLB, NFL, NHL and MLS, as well as some universities.[26]

Dick Clark Productions

In September, 2012, Peter Guber and Mandalay Entertainment joined a partnership which purchased Dick Clark Productions from Red Zone Capital Management.[27]

Their productions include specials like The Golden Globes, The American Music Awards, The Academy of Country Music Awards,New Year's Rockin' Eve, and reality show So You Think You Can Dance.[28]

Peter Guber serves as the Co-Executive Chairman of the Golden State Warriors. As co-managing partner, he joined Joe Lacob as the driving forces behind the current ownership group's NBA record-setting bid to purchase the Warriors in 2010.[29] The Warriors won the NBA Championships for the 2014-15 NBA season and 2016-17 NBA season.[30]

Consultant Marc Ganis said of the purchase, "This could be one of the most valuable teams in the NBA."[31] The Golden State Warriors won the 2014 Sports Business Journal Award for Team of the Year, saying the team "continued a sharp trajectory in 2013 under owners Joe Lacob and Peter Guber that produced strong, extensive on- and off-court gains,"[32]

Guber and Lacob agreed to buy 12 acres of land in San Francisco's Mission Bay neighborhood to build a privately financed new arena. The move would mark the Warrior's return to a home arena in San Francisco (from Oakland) for the first time in more than four decades. Opening is targeted for the 2018-2019 season.[33]

Lacob said of Guber: "He cares more than any owner about the team, the image of the team and what the fans think."[34]

Los Angeles Dodgers

On March 27, 2012, Guber became an owner of the Los Angeles Dodgers as a Partner in Guggenheim Baseball Entertainment.[35] The Los Angeles Dodgers clinched the 2013 National League West Division Championship and played postseason baseball for the first time since 2009.[36]

Guber was persuaded to join the group purchasing the Dodgers by Magic Johnson. "Magic called and he said, 'Come on, we've been so lucky together, we've been so good together, let's do it, let's do it, let's do it,' " said Guber. So after meeting with Johnson, and others in the prospective ownership group, Guber decided to join the team that would make the $2.15 billion winning offer, which more than doubled the previous record price for a North American sports franchise."[37]

Howard Nuchow, co-head of CAA Sports, described Guber's contributions as attached to the entire baseball experience, "It's the notion Peter has that you have to entertain fans from the time they receive tickets in the mail until they drive home."[34]

Los Angeles Football Club

In October 2014, Peter Guber became the owner and executive chairman of Major League Soccer's Los Angeles Football Club (LAFC).[38] The ownership group includes entrepreneur Henry Nguyen, sports veteran Tom Penn, Earvin "Magic" Johnson, Mia Hamm Garciaparra and Tony Robbins, among others. The new club is scheduled to debut in 2018 in a new soccer stadium in the greater Los Angeles area built specifically for the team.[39]

Author

Guber's most recent book, Tell To Win - Connect, Persuade, and Triumph with the Hidden Power of Story, became a #1 bestseller in The New York Times, USA Today, The Wall Street Journal. Fortune magazine chose Tell To Win as one of their "5 Business Books You Can Really Use." [40] "Peter Guber's other books include Inside The Deep and The Los Angeles Times best-seller Shootout: Surviving Fame and (Mis)Fortune in Hollywood. Guber authored a cover piece for the Harvard Business Review,[41] and op-ed pieces for The New York Times.[42]

Professor

Peter Guber is a professor at the UCLA School of Theater, Film, Television and Digital Media and has been a member of the faculty for over 30 years. He also teaches at UCLA's Anderson School of Management.[43]

He is a member of the UCLA Foundation Board of Trustees, as well as the winner of UCLA's Service Award for his accomplishments and association with the university. Guber is the Chair of the Founding Board of Advisors for the Center for Managing Enterprises in Media, Entertainment & Sports (MEMES) at the UCLA Anderson School of Management.[44] [45]

Of his course, Guber said, ""I wanted students to recognize the power of narrative," he said. "Storytelling is not frivolous entertainment. It's an inspirational and professional tool that can bring life into focus." [46]

Speaker

In 2012, Guber was named one of the "Twelve Great Speakers of the Year" by Successful Meetings magazine.[47] Guber's national and global speaking events include Cisco, JWT, Under Armour, Alcoa, HSBC, Twitter, Sodexo, Milken Institute, Intel, Korn Ferry, Women's Wear Daily CEO Summit, Wharton Leadership Conference, GAP, Inc, John Hancock Life Insurance, Experian Marketing, Del Monte Foods, Cox Media Group, Comcast.[48]

aXiomatic and Team Liquid

In 2016, Washington Wizards and Washington Capitals owner Ted Leonsis, former Sony Interactive Entertainment CEO Bruce Stein and Guber founded aXiomatic, a bi-coastal ownership group with a focus on investing in and acquiring esports companies.[49] Leonsis, Stein and Guber recruited the likes of Johnson, AOL co-founder Steve Case and others as investors in aXiomatic. In September 2016, aXiomatic announced it had acquired the controlling interest in esports Team Liquid and appointed Leonsis, Stein and Guber to its board.[50] AXiomatic would receive investment from Tampa Bay Lightning owner Jeff Vinik in June 2017 and Warriors co-owner and Oaktree Capital co-founder Bruce Karsh in March 2018.[51][52]

Films produced

Books

Guber is the author of three books; his 2011 book, Tell to Win, reached number 1 on the New York Times Hardcover Advice & Miscellaneous Best Sellers list.[53]

  • Peter Guber (1977). Inside The Deep. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-11136-1.
  • Peter Guber and Peter Bart (2003). Shoot Out. Perigee Trade. ISBN 978-0-399-52888-0.
  • Peter Guber (2011). Tell to Win: Connect, Persuade and Triumph With the Hidden Power of Story. Crown Business. ISBN 9780307587954.

Personal life

Guber is married to Lynda Francine "Tara" Gellis,[54] with whom he has four children, Elizabeth Stephen, Jodi Brufsky, Samuel, and Jackson.[55]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0345542/
  2. Peter Guber on IMDb
  3. "aXiomatic Acquires Controlling Interest in Team Liquid, a Leading Professional Esports Franchise". www.businesswire.com. Retrieved 2017-12-13.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Griffin, Nancy; Masters, Kim (1996). Hit and Run: How Jon Peters and Peter Guber Took Sony for a Ride in Hollywood. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80931-1.
  5. "Dodgers Legacy, Legends and Fans -- in 7 Minutes (Video)". The Hollywood Reporter.
  6. New York Times: "Abraham J. Gellis, 84, Kosher Meat Supplier" October 19, 1993
  7. Los Angeles Times: "Her destiny in the hills - Stressed out by the Hollywood life, Tara Guber built her own spiritual refuge high above it all in Bel-Air, a place where even the velvet pillows are stitched with 'om.' by Anne-Marie O'Connor May 22, 2003
  8. New York Times: "Gellis—Guber" June 14, 1964
  9. http://www.peterguber.com/telltowin/ssp/steven-spielberg/
  10. "Barris Industries Has New Name". Los Angeles Times. September 7, 1989.
  11. http://www.natpe.org/conference/speakers/bios/index.jsp?speaker_id_string=3798:TcgXIw8GE6VVeZ4kdwLj$A**
  12. "Sony Switch Is Paramount Movie Big Peter Guber, Mandalay Reeling In Big Deal". Daily News. New York. March 10, 1998.
  13. http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2013/01/09/30003/jack-black-bernie-tenacious-d-golden-globe-nom/
  14. http://www.indiewire.com/article/specialty-box-office-bernie-has-biggest-limited-debut-of-2012
  15. http://www.backstage.com/news/spirit-award-nominations-revealed/) (http://www.backstage.com/news/beasts-and-bernie-among-gotham-awards-nominees/
  16. http://www.mandalay.com/#/television/about-mandalay-television/
  17. http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/06/22/090622fa_fact_collins
  18. "Brittany Murphy and Jason Lewis to Star in Nora Roberts'". Bloomberg.
  19. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/03/24/wwe-raw-hannah-montana-and-northern-lights-lead-cable-show-rankings/15073/
  20. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1863173/
  21. http://www.milb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20140917&content_id=95095052&fext=.jsp&vkey=news_t238&sid=t238
  22. "Guber, Dodgers' Hollywood star, will own their Class AAA team". USA Today. September 17, 2014.
  23. http://www.deadline.com/2012/03/peter-guber-and-mike-tollin-partner-to-launch-mandalay-sports-media/)
  24. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on February 16, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  25. Noonan, Kevin (October 7, 2014). "Mandalay Sports Media Invests in Toy Company OYO Sports". Variety.
  26. Goldsmith, Jill (September 4, 2012). "Guggenheim, Mandalay, Mosaic buy Dick Clark". Variety.
  27. Goldsmith, Jill (September 4, 2012). "Guggenheim, Mandalay, Mosaic buy Dick Clark". Variety.
  28. http://www.nba.com/warriors/news/peter_guber_bio.html
  29. http://www.nba.com/warriors/
  30. Van Riper, Tom. "The Show Must Go On". Forbes.
  31. http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/SB-Blogs/On-The-Ground/2014/05/0521-Team.aspx
  32. http://espn.go.com/nba/story/_/id/10822164/golden-state-warriors-announce-new-plans-san-francisco-arena
  33. 1 2 "What Does New Co-Owner Peter Guber Bring to the L.A. Dodgers?". The Hollywood Reporter.
  34. MLB (March 27, 2012). "Dodgers sold to Magic Johnson's group". mlb.com. Retrieved March 27, 2012.
  35. http://losangeles.dodgers.mlb.com/la/community/executives/guber.html
  36. "How Magic Johnson Convinced Peter Guber to Join His Dodgers Bid". The Hollywood Reporter.
  37. https://www.si.com/soccer/planet-futbol/2014/10/30/mls-lafc-los-angeles-fc-ownership-nguyen-guber-penn-nomar-magic-hamm
  38. http://www.mlssoccer.com/news/article/2015/05/19/lafcs-henry-nguyen-our-stadium-will-be-one-cathedrals-soccer
  39. https://web.archive.org/web/20140316023527/http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2011/smallbusiness/1110/gallery.business_how_to_books.fortune/2.html. Archived from the original on March 16, 2014. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  40. http://hbr.org/product/four-truths-of-the-storyteller/an/R0712C-PDF-ENG
  41. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/05/opinion/05guber.html?_r=0) and the San Francisco Chronicle
  42. http://fortune.com/2015/01/08/ucla-business-school-tech-boom/
  43. http://www.tft.ucla.edu/about/executive-board/peter-guber/
  44. https://variety.com/2008/biz/news/industry-titans-teach-in-los-angeles-1117983050/
  45. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jun/20/entertainment/et-cause20
  46. http://alisonlevine.com/wp1/successful-meetings-magazine-names-12-great-speakers-for-2012/
  47. http://speaking.com/speakers/peter-guber/
  48. "How Adam Silver made his mark on esports in North America". ESPN.com. Retrieved 2018-09-10.
  49. "aXiomatic Acquires Controlling Interest in Team Liquid, a Leading Professional Esports Franchise". Retrieved 2018-09-10.
  50. "Jeff Vinik Announced as Co-Chair of Esports Ownership Group aXiomatic". Retrieved 2018-09-10.
  51. "Bruce Karsh Joins Powerhouse Esports Ownership Group aXiomatic as Co-Executive Chairman". Retrieved 2018-09-10.
  52. Schuessler, Jennifer (March 20, 2011). "Best Sellers: Hardcover Advice & Misc". The New York Times. Retrieved September 6, 2012.
  53. https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/14/gellisguber.html
  54. https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=samuel-guber&pid=3584399

References

  • Griffin, Nancy; Masters, Kim (1996). Hit and Run: How Jon Peters and Peter Guber Took Sony for a Ride in Hollywood. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-80931-1.

Further reading

  • Henry Abbott (June 15, 2010). "Five notes on the incoming Warriors owners". ESPN.com. Retrieved June 15, 2010.
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